Chapter 24, Problem 4NERQ

Summary Introduction

The heart failure may not be of any kind of disease but can be of any clinical syndrome that is caused by different types of cardiac dysfunction. The heart failure is termed as a failure of the heart to meet the demands of the body. Many different kinds of stimuli like hypertension, obesity, smoking, myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and hypervolemia can trigger heart failure. Inotropic drugs, positive and negative chronotropic drugs, and dromotropic drugs are four classes of drug used to treat a heart failure.