ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: AN INTEGRATIVE APP
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781266163654
Author: McKinley
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 24, Problem 4CAL
Martin, a young man of 20, was in a car accident and is hemorrhaging. When he arrives by ambulance at the hospital, he is stabilized. However, they notice that over the next day he does not urinate. Which of the three variables for determining net filtration pressure has changed and can account for the lack of urine formation?
- a. Glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure has decreased.
- b. Capsular hydrostatic pressure has decreased.
- c. Blood colloidal osmotic pressure has decreased.
- d. Glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure has increased.
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Martin, a young man of 20, was in a car accident and is hemorrhaging. When he arrives by ambulance at the hospital, he is stabilized. However, they notice that over the next day he does not urinate. Which of the three variables for determining net filtration pressure has changed and can account for the lack of urine formation? a. Glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure has decreased. b. Capsular hydrostatic pressure has decreased. c. Blood colloidal osmotic pressure has decreased. d. Glomerular hydrostatic (blood) pressure has increased.
Glomerular filtration can be increased by which of the following?
A. Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole
B. Decreasing blood flow via afferent arteriole
C. Decreasing arterial blood pressure
D. Increasing blood flow via efferent arteriole
The answer is (A) Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole. Please explain why it is not the other options (B,C,D)
Which force(s) involved in glomerular filtration oppose(s) filtration from the glomerulus into Bowman's capsule?
A.
plasma osmotic pressure (especially of non-filterable plasma proteins)
B.
glomerular capillary blood pressure
C.
Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure
D.
Both of answer choices A and B (but not C) correctly answer the question.
E.
Both of answer choices A and C (but not B) correctly answer the question.
Chapter 24 Solutions
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: AN INTEGRATIVE APP
Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 24.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 24.1 - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
1 Which of the following would...Ch. 24.1 - Which structure of the urinary system forms urine,...Ch. 24.1 - What are the two means by which the kidney helps...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 24.2 - What tissue composes the fibrous capsule that...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 24.2 - Prob. 6LO
Ch. 24.2 - What are the regions of the kidney that drain...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 7LOCh. 24.2 - What three anatomic structures of the kidney are...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 8LOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 24.3 - What two structures compose the renal corpuscle?...Ch. 24.3 - What is the order of the components of a renal...Ch. 24.3 - What differences exist between cortical and...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 11LOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 12LOCh. 24.3 - Differentiate between the function of principal...Ch. 24.3 - Prob. 13LOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 14LOCh. 24.3 - Prob. 15LOCh. 24.3 - What are the two primary cellular components of...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 16LOCh. 24.4 - Prob. 17LOCh. 24.4 - Prob. 18LOCh. 24.4 - What is the pathway that blood follows as it...Ch. 24.4 - What are the three major types of capillaries...Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 19LOCh. 24.4 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
20. Trace the fluid from its...Ch. 24.4 - What is the pathway of fluid filtered by the...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 21LOCh. 24.5 - How does tubular reabsorption differ from tubular...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 22LOCh. 24.5 - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
2 If a substance within the...Ch. 24.5 - How are the components of the filtration membrane...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 23LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 24LOCh. 24.5 - What is normally filtered across the glomerular...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 17WDLCh. 24.5 - Prob. 25LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 26LOCh. 24.5 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
27. Explain how to calculate...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 28LOCh. 24.5 - WHAT DO YOU THINK?
3 An individual with cirrhosis...Ch. 24.5 - What is the value of the NFP if the glomerular...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 19WDLCh. 24.5 - If HPg increases, what is the effect on NFP? Is...Ch. 24.5 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
29. Describe what is meant by...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 30LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 31LOCh. 24.5 - Prob. 32LOCh. 24.5 - Does urine production increase, decrease, or stay...Ch. 24.5 - What are the three factors that regulate...Ch. 24.5 - Prob. 23WDLCh. 24.6 - Prob. 33LOCh. 24.6 - What are the significant anatomic and physiologic...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 34LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 35LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 4WDTCh. 24.6 - What is the transport maximum of a substance? How...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 36LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 37LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 5WDTCh. 24.6 - How is glucose reabsorbed across the two membranes...Ch. 24.6 - Why are proteins said to be transported rather...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 38LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 39LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 40LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 41LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 6WDTCh. 24.6 - How does Na+ reabsorption occur? Which two...Ch. 24.6 - What is the effect of parathyroid hormone on the...Ch. 24.6 - How is the movement of H+ and HCO3 regulated by...Ch. 24.6 - Prob. 42LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 43LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 31WDLCh. 24.6 - Prob. 44LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 45LOCh. 24.6 - Prob. 46LOCh. 24.6 - How is the concentration gradient that is...Ch. 24.6 - Which substances are reabsorbed in tubular...Ch. 24.7 - Prob. 47LOCh. 24.7 - Prob. 48LOCh. 24.7 - What is the purpose of measuring the glomerular...Ch. 24.7 - Prob. 49LOCh. 24.7 - Prob. 50LOCh. 24.7 - What information is gained by measuring the renal...Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 51LOCh. 24.8 - Prob. 52LOCh. 24.8 - What characteristics are used to describe urine?...Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 53LOCh. 24.8 - Prob. 54LOCh. 24.8 - Prob. 55LOCh. 24.8 - Prob. 7WDTCh. 24.8 - What are the major components of the urinary...Ch. 24.8 - How does the urethra of a male and female differ?Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 56LOCh. 24.8 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
57. Compare and contrast the...Ch. 24.8 - Prob. 58LOCh. 24.8 - What steps lead to micturition? At what point does...Ch. 24 - _____ 1. All of following are functions of the...Ch. 24 - _____ 2. When the kidneys are described as being...Ch. 24 - _____ 3. Which of the following is located within...Ch. 24 - _____ 4. All of the following are capillaries...Ch. 24 - _____ 5. Which of the following is a component of...Ch. 24 - _____ 6. If blood pressure in the glomerulus...Ch. 24 - _____ 7. Which hormone increases Na+ and water...Ch. 24 - _____ 8. If the tubular maximum is exceeded, then...Ch. 24 - _____ 9. The function unique to the nephron loop...Ch. 24 - _____ 10. If antidiuretic hormone (ADH)...Ch. 24 - Trace blood flow into and out of the kidney....Ch. 24 - Describe where filtrate, tubular fluid, and urine...Ch. 24 - Describe the anatomic components of the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 14DYBCh. 24 - Explain how glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is...Ch. 24 - Discuss the affect of aldosterone and antidiuretic...Ch. 24 - Explain how antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is...Ch. 24 - Describe the significant differences between blood...Ch. 24 - Identify all of the following that are functions...Ch. 24 - Explain the process of micturition.Ch. 24 - Use the following paragraph to answer questions...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2CALCh. 24 - Prob. 3CALCh. 24 - Martin, a young man of 20, was in a car accident...Ch. 24 - A 19-year-old male named Paul was in a diving...Ch. 24 - A patient with cancer is treated with...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2CSLCh. 24 - Males who suffer from either benign prostatic...
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- Which of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forwardBlood pressure forces water and small solutes out of blood and into nephrons during ________. a. glomerular filtration c. tubular secretion b. tubular reabsorption d. both a and carrow_forward2. Glomerular filtration is directly proportional to A. Blood cell size B. Hydrostatic pressure C. Osmotic pressure D. The patient’s fluid intakearrow_forward
- Which of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forwardWhich of the following will decrease filtration at the glomerulus? ( check all that apply) A. Low colloid osmotic pressure B. Low capsular pressure C. A relatively large diameter of theefferent arterioles compared to theafferent arteriole. D. Increased number of podocytes at theglomerulusarrow_forwardWhich of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate? Select one: a. Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole b. An increase in osmotic pressure in the Bowman capsule c. A drop in colloid osmotic pressure d. Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole e. Vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriolearrow_forward
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- Which of the following is NOT a component of the glomerular filtration barrier? a. Endothelial cells b. Lamina Densa c. Lamina Reticularis d. Lamina Rara e. Podocytesarrow_forwardMaria is 8 months pregnant. When she goes to her doctor for her checkup, the nurse takes her blood pressure. It is unusually high: 200/100 mm Hg. The nurse also collects a urine sample and detects elevated levels of protein in her urine. 1. What can account for the protein in her urine? a. Protein is a normal component of urine and is no cause for concern. b. Excessive amounts of plasma proteins are filtered at the renal corpuscle. c. Tubular cells produce additional protein in response to the elevated blood pressure. d. The tubular cells have exocytosed protein into the tubular fluid.arrow_forwardGlomerular colloid osmotic pressure (GCOP) is created by:- a. systemic blood pressure. b. filtrate in the capsular space. c. proteins such as albumin in the blood. d. fluids in the blood plasma.arrow_forward
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