College Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168048
Author: Paul Peter Urone, OpenStax, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 24, Problem 25PE
Conversations with astronauts on lunar walks had an echo that was used to estimate the distance to the Moon. The sound spoken by the person on Earth was transformed into a radio signal sent to the Moon, and transformed hack into sound on a speaker inside the astronaut’s space suit. This sound was picked up by the microphone in the space suit (intended tor the astronaut’s voice] and sent back to Earth as a radio echo of sorts. If the round-trip time was 2.60 s, what was the approximate distance to the Moon, neglecting any delays in the electronics?
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i)
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Question 04
in 20
Question B3
Consider the following FLRW spacetime:
t2
ds² = -dt² +
(dx²
+ dy²+ dz²),
t2
where t is a constant.
a)
State whether this universe is spatially open, closed or flat.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Hubble factor H(t), and represent it in a (roughly drawn) plot as a function
of time t, starting at t = 0.
[3 marks]
c) Taking galaxy A to be located at (x, y, z) = (0,0,0), determine the proper distance to galaxy
B located at (x, y, z) = (L, 0, 0). Determine the recessional velocity of galaxy B with respect
to galaxy A.
d) The Friedmann equations are
2
k
8πG
а
4πG
+
a²
(p+3p).
3
a
3
[5 marks]
Use these equations to determine the energy density p(t) and the pressure p(t) for the
FLRW spacetime specified at the top of the page.
[5 marks]
e) Given the result of question B3.d, state whether the FLRW universe in question is (i)
radiation-dominated, (ii) matter-dominated, (iii) cosmological-constant-dominated, or (iv)
none of the previous. Justify your answer.
f)
[5 marks]
A conformally…
Chapter 24 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 24 - The direction of the electric field shown in each...Ch. 24 - Is the direction of the magnetic field shown in...Ch. 24 - Why is the direction of the current shown in each...Ch. 24 - In which situation shown in Figure 24.24 will the...Ch. 24 - In which situation shown in Figure 24.25 will the...Ch. 24 - Should the straight wire antenna of a radio he...Ch. 24 - Under what conditions might wires in a DC circuit...Ch. 24 - Give an example of interference of electromagnetic...Ch. 24 - Figure 24.26 shows the interference pattern of two...Ch. 24 - Can an antenna be any length? Explain your answer.
Ch. 24 - If you live in a region that has a particular TV...Ch. 24 - Explain why people who have the lens of their eye...Ch. 24 - How do ?uorescent soap residues make clothing look...Ch. 24 - Give an example of resonance in the reception of...Ch. 24 - Illustrate that the size of details of an object...Ch. 24 - Why don't buildings block radio waves as...Ch. 24 - Make a list of some everyday objects and decide...Ch. 24 - Your friend says mat more patterns and colors can...Ch. 24 - The rate at which information can be transmitted...Ch. 24 - Give an example of energy carried by an...Ch. 24 - In an MRI scan, a higher magnetic field requires...Ch. 24 - Laser vision correction often uses an excimer...Ch. 24 - Verify that the correct value for the speed of...Ch. 24 - Show that, when SI units for 0 and 0 are entered,...Ch. 24 - What is the maximum electric field strength in an...Ch. 24 - The maximum magnetic field strength of an...Ch. 24 - Verify the units obtained for magnetic field...Ch. 24 - (a) Two microwave frequencies are authorized for...Ch. 24 - (a) Calculate the range of wavelength for AM radio...Ch. 24 - A radio station utilizes frequencies between...Ch. 24 - Find the frequency range of visible light, given...Ch. 24 - Combing your hair leads to excess electrons on the...Ch. 24 - Electromagnetic radiation having a 15.0m...Ch. 24 - Approximately what is the smallest detail...Ch. 24 - A radar used to detect the presence of aircraft...Ch. 24 - Some radar systems detect the size and shape of...Ch. 24 - Determine the amount of time it takes for X-rays...Ch. 24 - If you wish to detect details of the size of atoms...Ch. 24 - If the Sun suddenly turned off, we would not know...Ch. 24 - Distances in space are often quoted in units of...Ch. 24 - A certain 50.0-Hz AC power line radiates an...Ch. 24 - During normal bee?ng, the heat creates a maximum...Ch. 24 - (a) The ideal size (most efficient) for a...Ch. 24 - (a) What is the wavelength of 100MHz radio waves...Ch. 24 - (a) What is the frequency at the 193-nm...Ch. 24 - TV-reception antennas for VHF are constructed with...Ch. 24 - Conversations with astronauts on lunar walks had...Ch. 24 - Lunar astronauts placed a reflector on the Moon's...Ch. 24 - Radar is used to determine distances to various...Ch. 24 - Integrated Concepts (a) Calculate the ratio of the...Ch. 24 - Integrated Concepts (a) Calculate the rate in...Ch. 24 - What is the intensity of an electromagnetic wave...Ch. 24 - Find the intensity of an electromagnetic wave...Ch. 24 - Assume the helium-neon lasers commonly used in...Ch. 24 - An AM radio transmitter broadcasts 50.0 kW of...Ch. 24 - Suppose the maximum safe intensity of microwaves...Ch. 24 - A 2.50-m-diameter university communications...Ch. 24 - Lasers can be constructed that produce an...Ch. 24 - Show that for a continuous sinusoidal...Ch. 24 - Suppose a source of electromagnetic waves radiates...Ch. 24 - Integrated Concepts An LC circuit with a 5.00pF...Ch. 24 - Integrated Concepts What capacitance is needed in...Ch. 24 - Integrated Concepts Police radar determines the...Ch. 24 - Integrated Concepts Assume the mostly infrared...Ch. 24 - Integrated Concepts On its highest power se1ting,...Ch. 24 - Integrated Concepts Electromagnetic radiation from...Ch. 24 - Integrated Concepts A 200-turn flat coil of wire...Ch. 24 - Integrated Concepts If electric and magnetic field...Ch. 24 - Unreasonable Results A researcher measures the...Ch. 24 - Unreasonable Results The peak magnetic field...Ch. 24 - Unreasonable Results An LC circuit containing a...Ch. 24 - Unreasonable Results An LC circuit containing a...Ch. 24 - Create Your Own Problem Consider electromagnetic...Ch. 24 - Create Your Own Problem Consider the most recent...
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