Biology of Plants
Biology of Plants
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781429219617
Author: Evert, Ray F./
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 24, Problem 1CP
Summary Introduction

To determine: The name of the two principal types of root systems and to describe the way in which they differ in both origin and structure.

Introduction: The root is the part of the vascular plant normally below the surface of the soil. The primary functions of the root are anchorage of the plant, absorption of the dissolved minerals and water and conduction of those to the stem, and storage of reserve foods.

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Explanation of Solution

The principal types of root systems are given as follows:

  • Tap root system
  • Fibrous root system.

The differences between the tap root system and fibrous root system are given as follows:

CriteriaTap root systemFibrous root system
OriginThe root system is formed from the strongly developed primary root, and its branches are called as the tap root system.In the fibrous root system, the main root develops from the stem. The stem-borne roots or adventitious roots and their lateral roots give rise to the fibrous root system.
Structure
  • It is formed of one large root.
  • It has the lateral roots that develop from the main root.
  • Serve as a storage organ for food in some cases.
  • They are deep-rooted and underground persistent roots
  • They help the plant to endure droughts as they can reach deeper sources.
  • Fibrous roots contain fine, hair-like roots.
  • Can develop from the stem or leaves.
  • They are shallow, underground, or aerial roots.
  • They are short-lived roots.
  • They cannot survive in droughts.

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