The differences between a virus and a bacterium. Introduction: A pathogen is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. It is most commonly used for agents that disrupt the normal physiology of a multicellular animal or plant. The most prevalent infectious diseases are caused by bacterial and viral pathogens.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To describe: The differences between a virus and a bacterium.

Introduction: A pathogen is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. It is most commonly used for agents that disrupt the normal physiology of a multicellular animal or plant. The most prevalent infectious diseases are caused by bacterial and viral pathogens.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria and viruses are different from each other in several ways. The following table explains the differences between a virus and a bacterium:

Criteria	Virus	Bacterium
Structure	A virus does not have a cell. It consists of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a coat of viral proteins called as capsid. Some viruses have an envelope of proteins and phospholipids derived from their host’s cell membrane.	The bacterium is a cell. It has a cell membrane that is often enclosed by a cell wall. Some bacteria also have an additional protective layer called as capsule.
Living conditions and reproduction	Viruses are obligate parasites, which mean they need a host organism to live on and get nutrients from its host. They must use the intracellular machinery of a host cell to replicate.	Most bacteria can survive and reproduce outside a host if they have the required nutrients, temperature, pH, and so on.
Susceptibility to drugs	Some viral infections can be managed with antiviral drugs that target definite stages of viral replication.	Most bacteria are susceptible to drugs called antibiotics. These drugs act can kill them or inhibit their growth.

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The shape of radishes may be long (SL/SL), oval (SL/SS), or round (SS/SS), and the color of radishes may be red (CR/CR), purple (CR/CW) or white (CW/CW). If a long, red radish plant is crossed with a round, white plant, what will be the appearance of the F1 and F2 generations?

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To describe: The differences between a virus and a bacterium.

Introduction: A pathogen is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. It is most commonly used for agents that disrupt the normal physiology of a multicellular animal or plant. The most prevalent infectious diseases are caused by bacterial and viral pathogens.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria and viruses are different from each other in several ways. The following table explains the differences between a virus and a bacterium:

Criteria	Virus	Bacterium
Structure	A virus does not have a cell. It consists of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a coat of viral proteins called as capsid. Some viruses have an envelope of proteins and phospholipids derived from their host’s cell membrane.	The bacterium is a cell. It has a cell membrane that is often enclosed by a cell wall. Some bacteria also have an additional protective layer called as capsule.
Living conditions and reproduction	Viruses are obligate parasites, which mean they need a host organism to live on and get nutrients from its host. They must use the intracellular machinery of a host cell to replicate.	Most bacteria can survive and reproduce outside a host if they have the required nutrients, temperature, pH, and so on.
Susceptibility to drugs	Some viral infections can be managed with antiviral drugs that target definite stages of viral replication.	Most bacteria are susceptible to drugs called antibiotics. These drugs act can kill them or inhibit their growth.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To describe: The differences between a virus and a bacterium.

Introduction: A pathogen is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. It is most commonly used for agents that disrupt the normal physiology of a multicellular animal or plant. The most prevalent infectious diseases are caused by bacterial and viral pathogens.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria and viruses are different from each other in several ways. The following table explains the differences between a virus and a bacterium:

Criteria	Virus	Bacterium
Structure	A virus does not have a cell. It consists of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a coat of viral proteins called as capsid. Some viruses have an envelope of proteins and phospholipids derived from their host’s cell membrane.	The bacterium is a cell. It has a cell membrane that is often enclosed by a cell wall. Some bacteria also have an additional protective layer called as capsule.
Living conditions and reproduction	Viruses are obligate parasites, which mean they need a host organism to live on and get nutrients from its host. They must use the intracellular machinery of a host cell to replicate.	Most bacteria can survive and reproduce outside a host if they have the required nutrients, temperature, pH, and so on.
Susceptibility to drugs	Some viral infections can be managed with antiviral drugs that target definite stages of viral replication.	Most bacteria are susceptible to drugs called antibiotics. These drugs act can kill them or inhibit their growth.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To describe: The differences between a virus and a bacterium.

Introduction: A pathogen is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. It is most commonly used for agents that disrupt the normal physiology of a multicellular animal or plant. The most prevalent infectious diseases are caused by bacterial and viral pathogens.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria and viruses are different from each other in several ways. The following table explains the differences between a virus and a bacterium:

Criteria	Virus	Bacterium
Structure	A virus does not have a cell. It consists of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a coat of viral proteins called as capsid. Some viruses have an envelope of proteins and phospholipids derived from their host’s cell membrane.	The bacterium is a cell. It has a cell membrane that is often enclosed by a cell wall. Some bacteria also have an additional protective layer called as capsule.
Living conditions and reproduction	Viruses are obligate parasites, which mean they need a host organism to live on and get nutrients from its host. They must use the intracellular machinery of a host cell to replicate.	Most bacteria can survive and reproduce outside a host if they have the required nutrients, temperature, pH, and so on.
Susceptibility to drugs	Some viral infections can be managed with antiviral drugs that target definite stages of viral replication.	Most bacteria are susceptible to drugs called antibiotics. These drugs act can kill them or inhibit their growth.

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Answer 5

Chapter 24, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To describe: The differences between a virus and a bacterium.

Introduction: A pathogen is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. It is most commonly used for agents that disrupt the normal physiology of a multicellular animal or plant. The most prevalent infectious diseases are caused by bacterial and viral pathogens.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria and viruses are different from each other in several ways. The following table explains the differences between a virus and a bacterium:

Criteria	Virus	Bacterium
Structure	A virus does not have a cell. It consists of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a coat of viral proteins called as capsid. Some viruses have an envelope of proteins and phospholipids derived from their host’s cell membrane.	The bacterium is a cell. It has a cell membrane that is often enclosed by a cell wall. Some bacteria also have an additional protective layer called as capsule.
Living conditions and reproduction	Viruses are obligate parasites, which mean they need a host organism to live on and get nutrients from its host. They must use the intracellular machinery of a host cell to replicate.	Most bacteria can survive and reproduce outside a host if they have the required nutrients, temperature, pH, and so on.
Susceptibility to drugs	Some viral infections can be managed with antiviral drugs that target definite stages of viral replication.	Most bacteria are susceptible to drugs called antibiotics. These drugs act can kill them or inhibit their growth.

Answer 6

Chapter 24, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To describe: The differences between a virus and a bacterium.

Introduction: A pathogen is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. It is most commonly used for agents that disrupt the normal physiology of a multicellular animal or plant. The most prevalent infectious diseases are caused by bacterial and viral pathogens.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria and viruses are different from each other in several ways. The following table explains the differences between a virus and a bacterium:

Criteria	Virus	Bacterium
Structure	A virus does not have a cell. It consists of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a coat of viral proteins called as capsid. Some viruses have an envelope of proteins and phospholipids derived from their host’s cell membrane.	The bacterium is a cell. It has a cell membrane that is often enclosed by a cell wall. Some bacteria also have an additional protective layer called as capsule.
Living conditions and reproduction	Viruses are obligate parasites, which mean they need a host organism to live on and get nutrients from its host. They must use the intracellular machinery of a host cell to replicate.	Most bacteria can survive and reproduce outside a host if they have the required nutrients, temperature, pH, and so on.
Susceptibility to drugs	Some viral infections can be managed with antiviral drugs that target definite stages of viral replication.	Most bacteria are susceptible to drugs called antibiotics. These drugs act can kill them or inhibit their growth.

Answer 7

Chapter 24, Problem 1CC

Summary Introduction

To describe: The differences between a virus and a bacterium.

Introduction: A pathogen is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. It is most commonly used for agents that disrupt the normal physiology of a multicellular animal or plant. The most prevalent infectious diseases are caused by bacterial and viral pathogens.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

Bacteria and viruses are different from each other in several ways. The following table explains the differences between a virus and a bacterium:

Criteria	Virus	Bacterium
Structure	A virus does not have a cell. It consists of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a coat of viral proteins called as capsid. Some viruses have an envelope of proteins and phospholipids derived from their host’s cell membrane.	The bacterium is a cell. It has a cell membrane that is often enclosed by a cell wall. Some bacteria also have an additional protective layer called as capsule.
Living conditions and reproduction	Viruses are obligate parasites, which mean they need a host organism to live on and get nutrients from its host. They must use the intracellular machinery of a host cell to replicate.	Most bacteria can survive and reproduce outside a host if they have the required nutrients, temperature, pH, and so on.
Susceptibility to drugs	Some viral infections can be managed with antiviral drugs that target definite stages of viral replication.	Most bacteria are susceptible to drugs called antibiotics. These drugs act can kill them or inhibit their growth.