An Introduction to Physical Science
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079137
Author: James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 24, Problem 14MC
To determine
What is the age of the Earth as determined by radiometric dating?
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You want to use radiometric dating to determine the age of a specimen. You use Isotope Z, which has a half-life of 645 years. You measure your sample and find that 1/16 of the original amount of Isotope Z is present. How old is the sample?
A rock sample which originally contained 400 grams of radioactive isotope X now contains 25 grams of the material. The half-life of isotope X is 10,000 years. How old is the rock sample? (Give your answer without any punctuation or lables. For example: 15000).
You are dating rocks by their proportions of parent isotope potassium-40(half life 1.25 billion years) and daughter isotope argon-40.
Find the age for a rock that contains 3 times as much Argon-40 as potassium 40.
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Chapter 24 Solutions
An Introduction to Physical Science
Ch. 24.1 - Are dinosaur footprints fossils?Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 2PQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 1PQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 2PQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 24.1CECh. 24.2 - Prob. 24.2CECh. 24.3 - Prob. 1PQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 2PQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 24.3CECh. 24.4 - Prob. 1PQ
Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 2PQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 1PQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 2PQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 24.4CECh. 24 - KEY TERMS 1. geologic time (Intro) 2. fossil...Ch. 24 - KEY TERMS 1. geologic time (Intro) 2. fossil...Ch. 24 - Prob. CMCh. 24 - Prob. DMCh. 24 - Prob. EMCh. 24 - Prob. FMCh. 24 - Prob. GMCh. 24 - Prob. HMCh. 24 - Prob. IMCh. 24 - Prob. JMCh. 24 - Prob. KMCh. 24 - Prob. LMCh. 24 - Prob. MMCh. 24 - Prob. NMCh. 24 - Prob. OMCh. 24 - Prob. PMCh. 24 - Prob. QMCh. 24 - Prob. RMCh. 24 - Prob. SMCh. 24 - Prob. TMCh. 24 - Prob. UMCh. 24 - Prob. VMCh. 24 - Prob. WMCh. 24 - Prob. XMCh. 24 - Prob. ZMCh. 24 - Prob. 1MCCh. 24 - Prob. 2MCCh. 24 - Prob. 3MCCh. 24 - What is the name for the type of fossil formed...Ch. 24 - Prob. 5MCCh. 24 - What is obtained when rocks and geologic events...Ch. 24 - Prob. 7MCCh. 24 - Prob. 8MCCh. 24 - Prob. 9MCCh. 24 - Prob. 10MCCh. 24 - If the half-life of a radioactive specimen is 100...Ch. 24 - Prob. 12MCCh. 24 - Prob. 13MCCh. 24 - Prob. 14MCCh. 24 - Prob. 15MCCh. 24 - Prob. 16MCCh. 24 - Prob. 17MCCh. 24 - Prob. 18MCCh. 24 - Prob. 19MCCh. 24 - Prob. 20MCCh. 24 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 11FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 12FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 13FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 14FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 15FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 16FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 17FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 18FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 19FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 20FIBCh. 24 - What is meant by the phrase geologic time?Ch. 24 - Why are so few fossils of worms found?Ch. 24 - Prob. 3SACh. 24 - Prob. 4SACh. 24 - Prob. 5SACh. 24 - Prob. 6SACh. 24 - Prob. 7SACh. 24 - Prob. 8SACh. 24 - How do fossils aid in oil exploration?Ch. 24 - Prob. 10SACh. 24 - How might the principle of superposition be...Ch. 24 - Prob. 12SACh. 24 - Prob. 13SACh. 24 - Prob. 14SACh. 24 - Prob. 15SACh. 24 - Prob. 16SACh. 24 - What four features characterize the best index...Ch. 24 - Prob. 18SACh. 24 - Prob. 19SACh. 24 - Prob. 20SACh. 24 - Prob. 21SACh. 24 - Prob. 22SACh. 24 - Prob. 23SACh. 24 - Prob. 24SACh. 24 - Prob. 25SACh. 24 - Prob. 26SACh. 24 - Carbon-14 dating measures the ratio of carbon-14...Ch. 24 - What are the three conditions for using an isotope...Ch. 24 - Distinguish between primordial lead and radiogenic...Ch. 24 - Prob. 30SACh. 24 - Prob. 31SACh. 24 - Prob. 32SACh. 24 - Prob. 33SACh. 24 - Prob. 34SACh. 24 - Prob. 35SACh. 24 - Prob. 36SACh. 24 - Prob. 37SACh. 24 - Prob. 38SACh. 24 - What biologic event is used by geologists to...Ch. 24 - What is the biological event that started the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 41SACh. 24 - Prob. 42SACh. 24 - Prob. 43SACh. 24 - In what period and era were the great coal-forming...Ch. 24 - About how many days on the geologic time calendar...Ch. 24 - Prob. 1VCCh. 24 - What are the strengths and weaknesses of the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2AYKCh. 24 - Prob. 3AYKCh. 24 - Prob. 4AYKCh. 24 - Prob. 5AYKCh. 24 - Prob. 1ECh. 24 - Prob. 2ECh. 24 - Figure 24.21 Relative Dating See Exercises 3 and...Ch. 24 - Figure 24.21 Relative Dating See Exercises 3 and...Ch. 24 - Metamorphic rock shows that only 25% of its...Ch. 24 - Prob. 6ECh. 24 - Prob. 7ECh. 24 - Suppose that one species of index fossil lived...
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- If the half-life of a radioactive specimen is 100 years, then how long will it take for the specimen to reach 25% of its original amount? (24.3) (a) 25 years (b) 50 years (c) 100 years (d) 200 yearsarrow_forwardKEY TERMS 1. geologic time (Intro) 2. fossil (24.1) 3. paleontology 4. amber 5. replacement fossil 6. mold 7. cast 8. trace fossil 9. relative geologic time (24.2) 10. principle of original horizontality 11. principle of superposition 12. principle of cross-cutting relationships 13. unconformities 14. correlation 15. index fossils 16. eons 17. eras 18. periods 19. absolute (numerical) geologic time (24.3) 20. radiometric dating 21. carbon-14 dating 22. geologic time scale (24.5) 23. Cambrian explosion 24. Great Dying 25. epochs 26. K-T event For each of the following items, fill in the number of the appropriate Key Term from the preceding list. b. _____ The most devastating extinction that has ever occurredarrow_forwardKEY TERMS 1. geologic time (Intro) 2. fossil (24.1) 3. paleontology 4. amber 5. replacement fossil 6. mold 7. cast 8. trace fossil 9. relative geologic time (24.2) 10. principle of original horizontality 11. principle of superposition 12. principle of cross-cutting relationships 13. unconformities 14. correlation 15. index fossils 16. eons 17. eras 18. periods 19. absolute (numerical) geologic time (24.3) 20. radiometric dating 21. carbon-14 dating 22. geologic time scale (24.5) 23. Cambrian explosion 24. Great Dying 25. epochs 26. K-T event For each of the following items, fill in the number of the appropriate Key Term from the preceding list. a. _____ Widespread, easily identified fossils that are typical of a particular time segment of the Earths historyarrow_forward
- What is electroweak epoch?arrow_forwardAn artifact was found and tested for its carbon-14 content. If 89% of the original carbon-14 was still present, what is its probable age (to the nearest 100 years)? (Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years.)arrow_forwardSuppose that one species of index fossil lived between 410 and 380 mya and another lived between 440 and 350 mya. What can be said about the age of a rock that contains fossils of both species? Figure 24.22 Absolute Dating of Sedimentary Rocks See Exercise 7.arrow_forward
- Given that the half-life of carbon-14 is 5,730 years. Consider a sample of fossilized wood that when alive, would have contained 24 gm of carbon-14. It now contains 1.5 gm of carbon-14. How old is the sample?arrow_forwardThe radioactive element carbon-14 had a half-life of 5750 years. A scientist determined that the bones from a mastodon had lost 59.6% of their carbon-14. How old were the bones at the time they were discovered? The bones were about _ years old ? (Round to the nearest internet as needed )arrow_forwardThe half-life of Carbon-13 is 5750 years. Samples taken at an excavation site show that a one-kilogram sample has 65% Carbon-13 as compared to a normal sample. What is the age of the sample?arrow_forward
- SOME ISOTOPES USED FOR RADIOMETRIC DATING Daughter Isotope (D) Half-Lives (T½) Useful Dating Range Parent Isotope (P) Materials Dated Newly formed crystal Uranium-238 4.5 billion years Zircon 713 million years Zircon Lead-206 ages > 10 m.y. 100 Uranium-235 Lead-207 ages > 10 m.y. 0000000o o00000 15.9% decayed to daughter Potassium-40 Argon-40 Biotite, muscovite, whole volcanic rock 1.3 billion years ages > 50,000 yr Shells, limestone, organic materials ages 100-60,000 yr Carbon-14 Nitrogen-14 5730 years 84.1 29.3% decayed 70.7 Parent Atoms (P) 000000000e 50% decayed RADIOACTIVE DECAY 50.0 Daughter Atoms (D) 25.0 75% decayed 87.5% decayed 12.5 93.8% decayed 96.9% decayed 6.2 3.1 14 2 3 4 5 6 Half-Lives (T1) Elapsed DECAY PARAMETERS FOR ALL RADIOACTIVE DECAY PAIRS Percent of Parent Atoms (P) Percent of Daughter Atoms (D) Half-Lives Elapsed Age 0.000 x T 0.015 x T 0.031 x Ty 0.062 x Ty 0.125 x T 0.250 x T 0.500 x T2 1.000 x Ty2 100.0 0.0 98.9 1.1 1/64 97.9 2.1 1/32 95.8 4.2 1/16 91.7 8.3…arrow_forwardUranium-238 (U-238) has a half-life of 4.5 billion years. Geologists find a rock containing a mixture of U-238 and lead, and determine that 72% of the original U-238 remains; the other 28% has decayed into lead. How old is the rock?arrow_forwardCarbon-14 commonly used for dating historical artifacts, is a radioactive isotope that is present in organic materials. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 years. If a bone fragment is found that contains 50% of its original carbon-14,how old is the bone? years (round to the nearest whole number)arrow_forward
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