An Introduction to Physical Science
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079137
Author: James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 24, Problem 13FIB
To determine
To fill in the blank: The ratio of the amounts of the radioactive parent to the stable daughter for a younger rock.
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SOME ISOTOPES USED FOR RADIOMETRIC DATING
Daughter
Isotope (D)
Half-Lives (T½)
Useful Dating Range
Parent
Isotope (P)
Materials Dated
Newly formed
crystal
Uranium-238
4.5 billion years Zircon
713 million years Zircon
Lead-206
ages > 10 m.y.
100
Uranium-235
Lead-207
ages > 10 m.y.
0000000o
o00000
15.9%
decayed to
daughter
Potassium-40 Argon-40
Biotite, muscovite,
whole volcanic rock
1.3 billion years
ages > 50,000 yr
Shells, limestone,
organic materials
ages 100-60,000 yr
Carbon-14
Nitrogen-14
5730 years
84.1
29.3%
decayed
70.7
Parent
Atoms (P)
000000000e
50%
decayed
RADIOACTIVE
DECAY
50.0
Daughter
Atoms (D)
25.0
75% decayed
87.5%
decayed
12.5
93.8%
decayed
96.9%
decayed
6.2
3.1
14
2
3
4
5
6
Half-Lives (T1) Elapsed
DECAY PARAMETERS FOR ALL RADIOACTIVE DECAY PAIRS
Percent of
Parent
Atoms (P)
Percent of
Daughter
Atoms (D)
Half-Lives
Elapsed
Age
0.000 x T
0.015 x T
0.031 x Ty
0.062 x Ty
0.125 x T
0.250 x T
0.500 x T2
1.000 x Ty2
100.0
0.0
98.9
1.1
1/64
97.9
2.1
1/32
95.8
4.2
1/16
91.7
8.3…
What is carbon-14 dating?
What is the main reason to use C14 in age determination?
Chapter 24 Solutions
An Introduction to Physical Science
Ch. 24.1 - Are dinosaur footprints fossils?Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 2PQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 1PQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 2PQCh. 24.2 - Prob. 24.1CECh. 24.2 - Prob. 24.2CECh. 24.3 - Prob. 1PQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 2PQCh. 24.3 - Prob. 24.3CECh. 24.4 - Prob. 1PQ
Ch. 24.4 - Prob. 2PQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 1PQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 2PQCh. 24.5 - Prob. 24.4CECh. 24 - KEY TERMS 1. geologic time (Intro) 2. fossil...Ch. 24 - KEY TERMS 1. geologic time (Intro) 2. fossil...Ch. 24 - Prob. CMCh. 24 - Prob. DMCh. 24 - Prob. EMCh. 24 - Prob. FMCh. 24 - Prob. GMCh. 24 - Prob. HMCh. 24 - Prob. IMCh. 24 - Prob. JMCh. 24 - Prob. KMCh. 24 - Prob. LMCh. 24 - Prob. MMCh. 24 - Prob. NMCh. 24 - Prob. OMCh. 24 - Prob. PMCh. 24 - Prob. QMCh. 24 - Prob. RMCh. 24 - Prob. SMCh. 24 - Prob. TMCh. 24 - Prob. UMCh. 24 - Prob. VMCh. 24 - Prob. WMCh. 24 - Prob. XMCh. 24 - Prob. ZMCh. 24 - Prob. 1MCCh. 24 - Prob. 2MCCh. 24 - Prob. 3MCCh. 24 - What is the name for the type of fossil formed...Ch. 24 - Prob. 5MCCh. 24 - What is obtained when rocks and geologic events...Ch. 24 - Prob. 7MCCh. 24 - Prob. 8MCCh. 24 - Prob. 9MCCh. 24 - Prob. 10MCCh. 24 - If the half-life of a radioactive specimen is 100...Ch. 24 - Prob. 12MCCh. 24 - Prob. 13MCCh. 24 - Prob. 14MCCh. 24 - Prob. 15MCCh. 24 - Prob. 16MCCh. 24 - Prob. 17MCCh. 24 - Prob. 18MCCh. 24 - Prob. 19MCCh. 24 - Prob. 20MCCh. 24 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 11FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 12FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 13FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 14FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 15FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 16FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 17FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 18FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 19FIBCh. 24 - Prob. 20FIBCh. 24 - What is meant by the phrase geologic time?Ch. 24 - Why are so few fossils of worms found?Ch. 24 - Prob. 3SACh. 24 - Prob. 4SACh. 24 - Prob. 5SACh. 24 - Prob. 6SACh. 24 - Prob. 7SACh. 24 - Prob. 8SACh. 24 - How do fossils aid in oil exploration?Ch. 24 - Prob. 10SACh. 24 - How might the principle of superposition be...Ch. 24 - Prob. 12SACh. 24 - Prob. 13SACh. 24 - Prob. 14SACh. 24 - Prob. 15SACh. 24 - Prob. 16SACh. 24 - What four features characterize the best index...Ch. 24 - Prob. 18SACh. 24 - Prob. 19SACh. 24 - Prob. 20SACh. 24 - Prob. 21SACh. 24 - Prob. 22SACh. 24 - Prob. 23SACh. 24 - Prob. 24SACh. 24 - Prob. 25SACh. 24 - Prob. 26SACh. 24 - Carbon-14 dating measures the ratio of carbon-14...Ch. 24 - What are the three conditions for using an isotope...Ch. 24 - Distinguish between primordial lead and radiogenic...Ch. 24 - Prob. 30SACh. 24 - Prob. 31SACh. 24 - Prob. 32SACh. 24 - Prob. 33SACh. 24 - Prob. 34SACh. 24 - Prob. 35SACh. 24 - Prob. 36SACh. 24 - Prob. 37SACh. 24 - Prob. 38SACh. 24 - What biologic event is used by geologists to...Ch. 24 - What is the biological event that started the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 41SACh. 24 - Prob. 42SACh. 24 - Prob. 43SACh. 24 - In what period and era were the great coal-forming...Ch. 24 - About how many days on the geologic time calendar...Ch. 24 - Prob. 1VCCh. 24 - What are the strengths and weaknesses of the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2AYKCh. 24 - Prob. 3AYKCh. 24 - Prob. 4AYKCh. 24 - Prob. 5AYKCh. 24 - Prob. 1ECh. 24 - Prob. 2ECh. 24 - Figure 24.21 Relative Dating See Exercises 3 and...Ch. 24 - Figure 24.21 Relative Dating See Exercises 3 and...Ch. 24 - Metamorphic rock shows that only 25% of its...Ch. 24 - Prob. 6ECh. 24 - Prob. 7ECh. 24 - Suppose that one species of index fossil lived...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- (20)The half-life of Carbon-14 is 5700 years. If a 16 gram sample is found in a rock layer known to be 42,000 years old, how much Carbon-14 did it start with? Group of answer choices 1400 g 3700 g 3100 g 5300 g 2600 garrow_forwardIf the half-life of a radioactive specimen is 100 years, then how long will it take for the specimen to reach 25% of its original amount? (24.3) (a) 25 years (b) 50 years (c) 100 years (d) 200 yearsarrow_forwardA fossilized leaf contains 70% Of its normal amount of carbon- 14. How old is the fossil? Use 5730 yesrs as the half-life of carbon- 14.arrow_forward
- A fossil is found that contains 6.25% as much Radium-226 as fossils being formed today. The half-life of Radium -226 is 1.60 x103 years. How old is the fossil? Hint: How many half-lives did the Radium-226 go through for 6.25% to remain? So, how many years have passed over 4 half lives?arrow_forwardWhat process uses analysis of the decay of atomic particles to determine exact age? a Radioactive dating b Law of superposition c Relative dating d Geologic timearrow_forwardUranium-lead (U-Pb) dating of geological samples is one of the oldest and most refined radiometric dating methods, able to determine ages of about 1 million years to over 4.5 billion years with precision in the 0.1–1% range. The U-Pb dating method relies on two separate decay chains, one of which is the actinium series from 235U to 207Pb, with a half-life of 704 million years. Geologists unearth a sample of zircon that appears to be a closed system. They find 0.714 grams of 207Pb for 1.000 grams of 235U present. Approximately how old is the sample? _______ yrsarrow_forward
- An archeological artefact is dated to approximately 8100 y old by carbon dating. What is the ¹4C/¹2C ratio in this artefact com- pared to that of the ratio in present day organic materials? The half-life of ¹4C is 5.7 x 10³ y. Type your answer herearrow_forwardSuppose there is a mineral body which contained some amount of 238U, which has a half-life of 4.51×109 years, but has no lead, the end product of the radioactive decay of 238U. If the ratio of 238to lead atoms today is 0.64, how long ago did the mineral body form?arrow_forwardA rock sample which originally contained 400 grams of radioactive isotope X now contains 25 grams of the material. The half-life of isotope X is 10,000 years. How old is the rock sample? (Give your answer without any punctuation or lables. For example: 15000).arrow_forward
- The carbon content of living trees includes a small proportion of C-14, which is a radioactive isotope. After a tree dies, the proportion of C-14 in it decreases due to radioactive decay.Suggest why the method of carbon dating is likely to be unreliable if a sample is:a) < 200 years oldb) > 60,000 years oldarrow_forwardExplain the process of radiocarbondating.arrow_forwardPotassium (40K) decays to Argon (40Ar) with a half-life value of 1.3 billion years. 40K is the parent isotope and 40Ar is the daughter isotope. Laboratory analysis of a rock sample showed that there are 0.13ppm of 40K and an equal amount of 40Ar in the rock. (ppm: parts per million) Based on the laboratory results, ________________ half-live(s) have elapsed and the age of the rock is __________. Select from the following and explain. A. 0; 0 years B. 3; 4.5 billion years C. 1; 1.3 billion years D. 13; 6 billion years E. 13; 1.0 billion yearsarrow_forward
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