Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy and Physiology
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260256000
Author: SALADIN
Publisher: MCG
bartleby

Concept explainers

bartleby

Videos

Question
Book Icon
Chapter 23.7, Problem 3AYLO
Summary Introduction

To discuss:

Anatomy of the female urethra and external urethral sphincter.

Introduction:

Metabolism of human body inevitably produces a variety of unwanted or waste products. This waste product is not simply needed by the body. If it is allowed to accumulate in the body, it may produce harmful effects. These wastes are completely excreted from our body, through digestive tracts, respiratory tracts, and by the sweat glands. The principal system that involved in the excretion of waste is the urinary system. From the blood, the metabolic waste is removed by the kidney. The rest of the urinary system involves in the elimination of urine, storage, and for transport. The kidney plays an important role in controlling the blood pressure and blood volume.  Kidney physiology is administrated by certain principles. This includes osmotic pressure, down pressure, and electrochemical gradients. The stages of urine production and the role of the kidney (regulating urine concentration and fluid balance) is mainly depends on concepts like osmolarity, tonicity, and osmosis.

Blurred answer
Students have asked these similar questions
Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption 1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.  Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable) (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data  (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data  c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data  (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip  (e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip  (f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L.  Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values:  t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%.  Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug: (a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate) (b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).  (c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).  (d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L.  (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L.  Hint:  based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)  (e)…
List substitutions in your diet you could make to improve it based on what you know now about a balanced diet. For instance, if you like to drink soda, you might substitute skim milk or water for some of the soft drinks you consumed. List the item you wish to replace with the new item and what you hope to accomplish with that substitution. Be sure to choose foods you know that you'd enjoy and you consider more "healthful." If you feel your diet is already balanced, describe how you accomplish your balanced intake and when you began eating this way.

Chapter 23 Solutions

Anatomy and Physiology

Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.2 - Three layers of tissue that surround and...Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 23.3 - How the myogenic mechanism of renal autoregulation...Ch. 23.3 - Structure and function of the juxtaglomerular...Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 23.4 - The reabsorption of water, Cl-, and glucose by the...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.5 - Function of the countercurrent multiplier and how...Ch. 23.5 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 17BYGOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 19BYGOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 20BYGOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 23.6 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 21BYGOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 22BYGOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 23BYGOCh. 23.7 - The route and mechanism of urine transport from...Ch. 23.7 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 23.7 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 23.7 - Anatomy of the male urethra, its three segments,...Ch. 23.7 - The mechanism of the spinal micturition reflex and...Ch. 23.7 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 23 - Prob. 1TYRCh. 23 - The compact ball of capillaries in a nephron is...Ch. 23 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 23 - Most sodium is reabsorbed from the glomerular...Ch. 23 - Prob. 6TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 23 - Beavers have relatively little need to conserve...Ch. 23 - Prob. 10TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 11TYRCh. 23 - _______ is the ability of a nephron to adjust its...Ch. 23 - The two ureters and the urethra form the...Ch. 23 - The _______ is a group of epithelial cells of the...Ch. 23 - To enter the capsular space, filtrate must pass...Ch. 23 - Glycosuria occurs if the rate of glomerular...Ch. 23 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 23 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 23 - pyelo-Ch. 23 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 23 - Prob. 1WWTSCh. 23 - Prob. 2WWTSCh. 23 - Prob. 3WWTSCh. 23 - Tight junctions prevent material from leaking...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5WWTSCh. 23 - Prob. 6WWTSCh. 23 - Prob. 7WWTSCh. 23 - The minimum osmolarity of urine is 300 mOsm/L,...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9WWTSCh. 23 - Prob. 10WWTSCh. 23 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 23 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 23 - Prob. 3TYCCh. 23 - Drugs called renin inhibitors are used to treat...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5TYC
Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Biology
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Text book image
Body Structures & Functions Updated
Biology
ISBN:9780357191606
Author:Scott
Publisher:Cengage
Text book image
Body Structures & Functions
Biology
ISBN:9781285695495
Author:Scott
Publisher:Cengage
Text book image
Understanding Health Insurance: A Guide to Billin...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781337679480
Author:GREEN
Publisher:Cengage
Text book image
An Illustrated Guide To Vet Med Term
Biology
ISBN:9781305465763
Author:ROMICH
Publisher:Cengage
Text book image
Surgical Tech For Surgical Tech Pos Care
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781337648868
Author:Association
Publisher:Cengage
Text book image
Basic Clinical Laboratory Techniques 6E
Biology
ISBN:9781133893943
Author:ESTRIDGE
Publisher:Cengage
Dissection Basics | Types and Tools; Author: BlueLink: University of Michigan Anatomy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-_B17pTmzto;License: Standard youtube license