Chapter 23, Problem 80SAE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The three properties which are expected for transition elements needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Transition metals are those metals which are present from group 3 to 11 in the periodic table. They are known as d-block elements and contain partially filled d-orbitals. The second and third row elements in the periodic table show change in properties on moving from left to right. Due to little shielding effect on the outer electrons, there is increase in effective nuclear charge results if a proton is added to the nucleus. This result in smaller atomic radius, increased ionization energy, increased electronegativity and increased non-metallic character of the transition elements.

Some of the properties of the transition elements are as follows:

1. They have large charge to radius ratio.
2. The density of transition elements is high and they are also hard in nature.
3. The melting and boiling points of the transition elements are high.
4. They form paramagnetic compounds.
5. There is variable oxidation state shown by the transition elements.
6. They form colored compounds.
7. The compounds form by transition metals has catalytic activity.
8. They form stable complexes.