College Physics Volume 1 (Chs. 1-16); Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for College Physics (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780134151779
Author: Hugh D. Young, Philip W. Adams, Raymond Joseph Chastain
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 73GP
Heart sonogram. Physicians use high-frequency (f = 1 MHz to 5 MHz) sound waves, called ultrasound, to image internal organs. The speed of these ultrasound waves is 1480 m/s in muscle and 344 m/s in air. We define the index of refraction of a material for sound waves to be the ratio of the speed of sound in air to the speed of sound in the material. Snell’s law then applies to the refraction of sound waves. (a) At what angle from the normal does an ultrasound beam enter the heart if it leaves the lungs at an angle of 9.73° from the normal to the heart wall? (Assume that the speed of sound in the lungs is 344 m/s.) (b) What is the critical angle for sound waves in air incident on muscle?
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A hiker begins a trip by first walking 21.0 km southeast from her car. She stops and sets up her tent for the night. On the second day, she walks 46.0 km in a direction 60.0° north of east, at which point she discovers a forest ranger's tower.
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60.0°
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B
x (km)
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SOLUTION
Conceptualize We conceptualize the problem by drawing a sketch as in the figure. If we denote the displacement vectors on the first and second days by A and B, respectively, and use the ---Select-- as the origin of coordinates, we obtain the vectors shown in the figure. The sketch allows us to estimate the resultant vector as shown.
Categorize Drawing the resultant R, we can now categorize this problem as one we've solved before: --Select-- of two vectors. You should now have a hint of the power of categorization in that many new problems are very similar to problems we have already solved if we are…
Chapter 23 Solutions
College Physics Volume 1 (Chs. 1-16); Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for College Physics (10th Edition)
Ch. 23 - Prob. 1CQCh. 23 - Why is the average radiation pressure on a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 3CQCh. 23 - How does the refraction of light account for the...Ch. 23 - Light requires about 8 min to travel from the sun...Ch. 23 - Prob. 6CQCh. 23 - A student claimed that, because of atmospheric...Ch. 23 - If you look at your pet fish through the corner of...Ch. 23 - How could you determine the direction of the...Ch. 23 - In three-dimensional movies, two images are...
Ch. 23 - Prob. 11CQCh. 23 - When light is incident on an interface between two...Ch. 23 - A ray is traveling in material a when it reaches...Ch. 23 - Unpolarized light with an original intensity I0...Ch. 23 - Prob. 3MCPCh. 23 - If a sinusoidal electromagnetic wave with...Ch. 23 - A plane electromagnetic wave is traveling...Ch. 23 - A ray of light going from one material into...Ch. 23 - Which of the following statements about radio...Ch. 23 - Two lasers each produce 2 mW beams. The beam of...Ch. 23 - A ray of light follows the path shown in Figure...Ch. 23 - A light beam has a wavelength of 300 nm in a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 11MCPCh. 23 - Prob. 12MCPCh. 23 - When a solar flare erupts on the surface of the...Ch. 23 - The microprocessor in a modern laptop computer...Ch. 23 - (a) How much time does it take light to travel...Ch. 23 - A geostationary communications satellite orbits...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5PCh. 23 - Prob. 6PCh. 23 - Prob. 7PCh. 23 - Prob. 8PCh. 23 - Visible light. The wavelength of visible light...Ch. 23 - Prob. 10PCh. 23 - Medical x rays. Medical x rays are taken with...Ch. 23 - Prob. 12PCh. 23 - Prob. 13PCh. 23 - Prob. 14PCh. 23 - Prob. 15PCh. 23 - Laboratory lasers. HeNe lasers are often used in...Ch. 23 - Prob. 17PCh. 23 - High-energy cancer treatment. Scientists are...Ch. 23 - Prob. 19PCh. 23 - The intensity at a certain distance from a bright...Ch. 23 - A sinusoidal electromagnetic wave from a radio...Ch. 23 - Prob. 22PCh. 23 - Prob. 23PCh. 23 - A sinusoidal electromagnetic wave emitted by a...Ch. 23 - Two plane mirrors intersect at right angles. A...Ch. 23 - Two plane mirrors A and 8 intersect at a 45 angle....Ch. 23 - Prove that when a ray of light travels at any...Ch. 23 - A light beam travels at 1.94 108 m/s in quartz....Ch. 23 - Prob. 29PCh. 23 - Light with a frequency of 5.80 1014 Hz travels in...Ch. 23 - Prob. 31PCh. 23 - Light inside the eye. The vitreous humor, a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 33PCh. 23 - A 1 55-m-tall fisherman stands at the edge of a...Ch. 23 - A light ray passes through a rectangular slab of...Ch. 23 - A glass plate having parallel faces and a...Ch. 23 - A beam of light in air makes an angle of 47.5 with...Ch. 23 - Reversibility of rays. Ray 1 of light in medium a...Ch. 23 - You (height of your eyes above the water. 1.75 m)...Ch. 23 - A parallel-sided plate of glass having a...Ch. 23 - As shown in Figure 23.53, a layer of water covers...Ch. 23 - A ray of light in diamond (index of refraction...Ch. 23 - The critical angle for total internal reflection...Ch. 23 - A ray of light is traveling in a glass cube that...Ch. 23 - Light is incident along the normal to face AB of a...Ch. 23 - Light pipe. Light enters a solid tube made of...Ch. 23 - Prob. 47PCh. 23 - A beam of light strikes a sheet of glass at an...Ch. 23 - The table gives the index of refraction of fused...Ch. 23 - Use the graph in Figure 23.29 for silicate flint...Ch. 23 - The indices of refraction for violet light ( = 400...Ch. 23 - Unpolarized light with intensity I0 is incident on...Ch. 23 - Unpolarized light is incident on two ideal...Ch. 23 - A beam of unpolarized light of intensity I0 passes...Ch. 23 - Three ideal polarizing filters are stacked, with...Ch. 23 - Light of original intensity I0 passes through two...Ch. 23 - The polarizing angle for light in air incident on...Ch. 23 - A beam of polarized light passes through a...Ch. 23 - A beam of unpolarized light in air is incident at...Ch. 23 - Plane-polarized light passes through two...Ch. 23 - The energy flow to the earth from sunlight is...Ch. 23 - Prob. 62GPCh. 23 - A powerful searchlight shines on a man. The mans...Ch. 23 - Prob. 64GPCh. 23 - Prob. 65GPCh. 23 - Prob. 66GPCh. 23 - Solar sail. NASA is doing research on the concept...Ch. 23 - A thick layer of oil is floating on the surface of...Ch. 23 - Prob. 69GPCh. 23 - A light ray in air strikes the right-angle prism...Ch. 23 - A ray of light is incident in air on a block of a...Ch. 23 - A light beam is directed parallel to the axis of a...Ch. 23 - Heart sonogram. Physicians use high-frequency (f =...Ch. 23 - A light ray refracts through a glass block having...Ch. 23 - A beaker with a mirrored bottom is filled with a...Ch. 23 - A ray of light traveling in a block of glass (n =...Ch. 23 - In a physics lab, light with wavelength 490 nm...Ch. 23 - The refractive index of a certain glass is 1.66....Ch. 23 - A thin layer of ice (n = 1.309) floats on the...Ch. 23 - Optical activity of biological molecules. Many...Ch. 23 - Passage Problems Safe exposure to electromagnetic...Ch. 23 - Doubling the frequency of a wave in the range of...Ch. 23 - The ICNIRP also has guidelines for magnetic-field...Ch. 23 - First, light with a plane of polarization at 45 to...Ch. 23 - Prob. 85PPCh. 23 - To vary the angle as well as the intensity of...
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