Elementary Surveying: An Introduction to Geomatics (15th Edition)
Elementary Surveying: An Introduction to Geomatics (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134645964
Author: GHILANI
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 23.8P
To determine

Location and reasons of stakes placed on a pipeline.

The information is typically conveyed to the contractor on stakes for laying a pipeline usually consist of two parts:

  1. By giving the depth of cut or fill normally only to the nearest 0.1ftto enable a rough trench to be excavated.
  2. By providing precise grade to which is near 0.01ftto guide in the actual placement of the pipe invert as its planned elevation.

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A shallow foundation measuring 1 m × 2 m in plan is to be constructed over a normally consolidated sand layer. Given: D₁ = 1 m, №60 increases with depth, N 60 (in the depth of stress influence) = 11, Estimate the elastic settlement using Burland and Burbidge's method. (Enter your answer to three significant figures.) Se mm and Inet = 138 kN/m².
A continuous foundation on a deposit of sand layer is shown in the figure below along with the variation of the cone penetration resistance qc 1.5 m 0 2.5 m Sand 14 q= 195 kN/m² qe (kN/m²) 9 1750 93450 9c=2900 Depth (m) Assuming = 16 kN/m² and creep is at the end of ten years after construction, calculate the elastic settlement of the foundation using the strain influence factor method. Use the equations 22 Iz Es 0 | Se = C₁C2 (9) Az and Es = 3.5qc (for L/B> 10) (Enter your answer to three significant figures.) Se = mm
Determine the stiffness matrices for the entire truss in the global co-ordinate system.  Assume A=0.0015m2 and E=200GPa, indicate the degrees of freedom in all stiffness matricies.
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