Chapter 23, Problem 23.56P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electrostatic potential maps of benzene and pyridine are given. Is the electrostatic potential map of pyridine consistent with ring being activated or deactivated relative to benzene is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Aromatic rings other than benzene, including naphthalene, furan, pyrrole, and pyridine, can also undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution. The electronegative atom in the ring pulls electron density away from the aromatic ring, making the ring deactivated toward electrophilic aromatic substitution.