1 Introduction, Measurement, Estimating 2 Describing Motion: Kinematics In One Dimension 3 Kinematics In Two Or Three Dimensions; Vectors 4 Dynamics: Newton's Laws Of Motion 5 Using Newton's Laws: Friction, Circular Motion, Drag Forces 6 Gravitation And Newton's Synthesis 7 Work And Energy 8 Conservation Of Energy 9 Linear Momentum 10 Rotationalmotion 11 Angular Momentum; General Rotation 12 Static Equilibrium; Elasticity And Fracture 13 Fluids 14 Oscillations 15 Wave Motion 16 Sound 17 Temperature, Thermal Expansion And The Ideal Gas Law 18 Kinetic Theory Of Gases 19 Heat And The First Law Of Thermodynamics 20 Second Law Of Thermodynamics 21 Electric Charge And Electric Field 22 Gauss's Law 23 Electric Potential 24 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Electric Energy Storage 25 Electric Currents And Resistance 26 Dc Circuits 27 Magnetism 28 Sources Of Magnetic Field 29 Electromagnetic Induction And Faraday's Law 30 Inductance, Electromagnetic Oscillations, And Ac Circuits 31 Maxwell's Equation And Electromagnetic Waves 32 Light: Reflection And Refraction 33 Lenses And Optical Instruments 34 The Wave Nature Of Light: Interference 35 Diffraction And Polarization 36 Special Theory Of Relativity 37 Early Quantum Theory And Models Of The Atom 38 Quantum Mechanics 39 Quantum Mechanics Of Atoms 40 Molecules And Solids 41 Nuclear Physics And Radioactivity 42 Nuclear Energy; Effects And Uses Of Radiation 43 Elementary Particles 44 Astrophysics And Cosmology expand_more
23.1 Electric Potential Energy And Potential Difference 23.2 Relation Between Electric Potential And Electric Field 23.3 Electric Potential Due To Point Charge 23.4 Potential Due To Any Charge Distribution 23.5 Equipotential Surfaces 23.6 Electric Dipole Potential 23.7 E Determined From V 23.8 Electrostatic Potential Energy; The Electron Volt 23.9 Cathode Ray Tube: Tv And Computer Monitors, Oscilloscope Chapter Questions expand_more
Problem 1Q: If two points are at the same potential, does this mean that no work is done in moving a test charge... Problem 2Q: If a negative charge is initially at rest in an electric field, will it move toward a region of... Problem 3Q: State clearly the difference (a) between electric potential and electric field, (b) between electric... Problem 4Q: An electron is accelerated by a potential difference of, say, 0.10 V. How much greater would its... Problem 5Q: Can a particle ever move from a region of low electric potential to one of high potential and yet... Problem 6Q: If V = 0 at a point in space, must E=0? If E=0 at some point, must V = 0 at that point? Explain.... Problem 7Q: When dealing with practical devices, we often take the ground (the Earth) to be 0 V. (a) If instead... Problem 8Q: Can two equipotential lines cross? Explain. Problem 9Q: Draw in a few equipotential lines in Fig, 2134b and c. Problem 10Q: What can you say about the electric field in a region of space that has the same potential... Problem 11Q: A satellite orbits the Earth along a gravitational equipotential line. What shape must the orbit be? Problem 12Q: Suppose the charged ring of Example 238 was not uniformly charged, so that the density of charge was... Problem 13Q: Consider a metal conductor in the shape of a football. If it carries a total charge Q, where would... Problem 14Q: Equipotential lines are spaced 1.00 V apart. Does the distance between the lines in different... Problem 15Q: A conducting sphere carries a charge Q and a second identical conducting sphere is neutral. The two... Problem 16Q: At a particular location, the electric field points due north. In what direction(s) will the rate of... Problem 17Q: Equipotential lines are spaced 1.00 V apart. Does the distance between the lines in different... Problem 18Q: If the electric field E is uniform in a region, what can you infer about the electric potential V?... Problem 19Q: Is the electric potential energy of two unlike charges positive or negative? What about two like... Problem 1P: (I) What potential difference is needed to stop an electron that has an initial velocity... Problem 2P: (I) How much work does the electric field do in moving a proton from a point with a potential of... Problem 3P: (I) An electron acquires 5.25 1016 J of kinetic energy when it is accelerated by an electric field... Problem 4P: (II) The work done by an external force to move a 9.10 C charge from point a to point b is 7.00 104... Problem 5P: (I) Thunderclouds typically develop voltage differences of about 1 108 V. Given that an electric... Problem 6P: (I) The electric field between two parallel plates connected to a 45-V battery is 1300 V/m. How far... Problem 7P: (I) What is the maximum amount of charge that a spherical conductor of radius 6.5 cm can hold in... Problem 8P: (I) What is the magnitude of the electric field between two parallel plates 4.0 mm apart if the... Problem 9P: (I) What minimum radius must a large conducting sphere of an electrostatic generating machine have... Problem 10P: (II) A manufacturer claims that a carpet will not generate more than 5.0 kV of static electricity.... Problem 11P: (II) A uniform electric field E=4.20N/Ci points in the negative x direction as shown in Fig. 2325.... Problem 12P: (II) The electric potential of a very large isolated flat metal plate is V0. It carries a uniform... Problem 13P: (II) The Earth produces an inwardly directed electric field of magnitude 150 V/m near its surface.... Problem 14P: (II) A 32-cm-diameter conducting sphere is charged to 680 V relative to V = 0 at r = . (a) What is... Problem 15P: (II) An insulated spherical conductor of radius r1 carries a charge Q. A second conducting sphere of... Problem 16P: (II) Determine the difference in potential between two points that are distances Ra and Rb from a... Problem 17P: (II) Suppose the end of your finger is charged. (a) Estimate the breakdown voltage in air for your... Problem 18P: (II) Estimate the electric field in the membrane wall of a living cell. Assume the wall is 10 nm... Problem 19P: (II) A nonconducting sphere of radius r0 carries a total charge Q distributed uniformly throughout... Problem 20P: (III) Repeat Problem 19 assuming the charge density E increases as the square of the distance from... Problem 21P: (III) The volume charge density E within a sphere of radius r0 is distributed in accordance with the... Problem 22P: (III) A hollow spherical conductor, carrying a net charge +Q, has inner radius r1 and outer radius... Problem 23P: (III) A very long conducting cylinder (length ) of radius R0 (R0 ) carries a uniform surface charge... Problem 24P: (I) A point charge Q creates an electric potential of +185 V at a distance of 15 cm. What is Q (let... Problem 25P: (I) (a) What is the electric potential 0.50 1010 m from a proton (charge +e)? Let V = 0 at r = .... Problem 26P: (a) Because of the inverse square nature of the electric field, any location where the field is zero... Problem 27P: (II) +25C point charge is placed 6.0 cm from an identical +25 C point charge. How much work would... Problem 28P: (II) Point a is 26 cm north of a 3.8 C point charge, and point b is 36 cm west of the charge (Fig.... Problem 29P: (II) How much voltage must be used to accelerate a proton (radius 12 1015 m) so that it has... Problem 30P: (II) Two identical +5.5 C point charges are initially spaced 6.5 cm from each other. If they are... Problem 31P: (II) An electron starts from rest 42.5cm from a fixed point charge with Q = 0.125 nC. How fast will... Problem 32P: (II) Two equal but opposite charges are separated by a distance d, as shown in Fig. 2328. Determine... Problem 33P: (II) A thin circular ring of radius R (as in Fig. 2314) has charge +Q/2 uniformly distributed on the... Problem 34P: (II) Three point charges are arranged at the corners of a square of side as shown in Fig. 2329.... Problem 35P: (II) A flat ring of inner radius R1 and outer radius R2, Fig. 2330, carries a uniform surface charge... Problem 36P: (II) A total charge Q is uniformly distributed on a thread of length . The thread forms a... Problem 37P: (II) A 12.0-cm-radius thin ring carries a uniformly distributed 15.0 C charge. A small 7.5-g sphere... Problem 38P: (II) A thin rod of length 2 is centered on the x axis as shown in Fig. 2331. The rod carries a... Problem 39P: (II) Determine the potential V(x) for points along the x axis outside the rod of Fig. 2331 (Problem... Problem 40P: (III) The charge on the rod of Fig. 2331 has a nonuniform linear charge distribution, = ax.... Problem 41P: (III) Suppose the flat circular disk of Fig. 2315 (Example 239) has a nonuniform surface charge... Problem 42P: (I) Draw a conductor in the shape of a football. This conductor carries a net negative charge, Q.... Problem 43P: (II) Equipotential surfaces are to be drawn 100 V apart near a very large uniformly charged metal... Problem 44P: (II) A metal sphere of radius r0 = 0.44 m carries a charge Q = 0.50 C. Equipotential surfaces are to... Problem 45P: (II) Calculate the electric potential due to a tiny dipole whose dipole moment is 4.8 1030 C m at... Problem 46P: (III) The dipole moment, considered as a vector, points from the negative to the positive charge.... Problem 47P: (I) Show that the electric field of a single point charge (Eq. 214) follows from Eq. 235, V =... Problem 48P: (I) What is the potential gradient just outside the surface or a uranium nucleus (Q = + 92e) whose... Problem 49P: (II) The electric potential between two parallel plates is given by V(x) = (8.0 V/m) x + 5.0 V, with... Problem 50P: () The electric potential in a region of space varies as V = by/(a2 + y2). Determine E. Problem 51P: (II) In a certain region of space, the electric potential is given by V = y2 + 2.5xy 3.5xyz.... Problem 52P: (II) A dust particle with mass of 0.050 g and a charge of 2.0 106 C is in a region of space where... Problem 53P: (III) Use the results or Problems 38 and 39 to determine the electric field due to the uniformly... Problem 54P: (I) How much work must be done to bring three electrons from a great distance a part to within 1.0 ... Problem 55P: (I) What potential difference is needed to give a helium nucleus (Q = 3.2 1019 C) 125 keV or... Problem 56P: (I) What is the speed of (a) a 1.5-keV (kinetic energy) electron and (b) a 1.5-keV proton? Problem 57P: (II) Many chemical reactions release energy. Suppose that at the beginning of a reaction, an... Problem 58P: (II) An alpha particle (which is a helium nucleus, Q = +2e, m = 6.64 1027 kg) is emitted in a... Problem 59P: (II) Write the total electrostatic potential energy, U, for (a) four point charges and (b) five... Problem 60P: (II) Four equal point charges, Q, are fixed at the corners of a square of side b. (a) What is their... Problem 61P: (II) An electron starting from rest acquires 1.33 keV of kinetic energy in moving from point A to... Problem 62P: (II) Determine the total electrostatic potential energy of a conducting sphere of radius r0 that... Problem 63P: (II) The liquid-drop model of the nucleus suggests that high-energy oscillations of certain nuclei... Problem 64P: (III) Determine the total electrostatic potential energy of a nonconducting sphere of radius r0... Problem 65P: (I) Use the ideal gas as a model to estimate the rms speed of a free electron in a metal at 273 K,... Problem 66P: (III) Electrons are accelerated by 6.0kV in a CRT. The screen is 28 cm wide and is 34cm from the... Problem 67P: (III) In a given CRT, electrons are accelerated horizontally by 7.2 kV. They then pass through a... Problem 68GP: If the electrons in a single raindrop, 3.5 mm in diameter, could be removed from the Earth (without... Problem 69GP: By rubbing a nonconducting material, a charge of 10-8 C can readily be produced. If this is done to... Problem 70GP: Sketch the electric field and equipotential lines for two charges of the same sign and magnitude... Problem 71GP: A +33 C point charge is placed 36 cm from an identical +33 C charge. A 1.5 C charge is moved from... Problem 72GP: At each corner of a cube of side there is a point charge Q, Fig. 2334, (a) What is the potential at... Problem 73GP: In a television picture tube (CRT), electrons are accelerated by thousands of volts through a... Problem 74GP: Four point charges are located at the corners of a square that is 8.0 cm on a side. The charges,... Problem 75GP: In a photocell, ultraviolet (UV) light provides enough energy to some electrons in barium metal to... Problem 76GP: An electron is accelerated horizontally from rest in a television picture tube by a potential... Problem 77GP: Three charges are at the corners of an equilateral triangle (side ) as shown in Fig. 2338. Determine... Problem 78GP: Near the surface of the Earth there is an electric field of about 150 V/m which points downward. Two... Problem 79GP: A lightning flash transfers 4.0 C of charge and 4.8 MJ of energy to the Earth, (a) Between what... Problem 80GP: Determine the components of the electric field. Ex and Ey, as a function of x and y in the xy plane... Problem 81GP: A nonconducting sphere of radius r2 contains a concentric spherical cavity of radius r1. The... Problem 82GP: A thin flat nonconducting disk, with radius R0 and charge Q, has a hole with a radius R0/2 in its... Problem 83GP: A Geiger counter is used to detect charged particles emitted by radioactive nuclei. It consists of a... Problem 84GP: A Van de Graaff generator (Fig. 2341) can develop a very large potential difference, even millions... Problem 85GP: The potential in a region of space is given by V = B/(x2 + R2)2 where B = 150 V m4 and R = 0.20 m.... Problem 86GP: A charge q1 of mass m rests on the y axis at a distance b above the x axis. Two positive charges of... Problem 87GP: (II) A dipole is composed of a 1.0 nC charge at x = 1.0 cm and a + 1.0 nC charge at x = +1.0cm. (a)... Problem 88GP: (II) A thin flat disk of radius R0 carries a total charge Q that is distributed uniformly over its... Problem 89GP: (III) You are trying to determine an unknown amount of charge using only a voltmeter and a ruler,... format_list_bulleted