a.
Whether the atmosphere is mostly transparent or mostly opaque to visible light by referring Figure 23.20.
a.
Answer to Problem 1GST
The atmosphere is mostly transparent for visible light.
Explanation of Solution
Light has behaved like waves in some instances, and it is illustrated by wavelength; Wavelength is the distance between one wave crest to next wave crest.
The primary characterization of all electromagnetic radiation can be defined as the basis of visible light. This is the only tiny band of electromagnetic radiation that humans can see. This range of light is known as white light in astronomer’s society, and white light has a wide range of colors, starting from short-wavelength violet to long-wavelength red.
b.
Whether the atmosphere is mostly transparent or mostly opaque to radio waves with a wavelength of 1 meter.
b.
Answer to Problem 1GST
Therefore, atmosphere is mostly transparent to the radio wave with 1-meter wavelength.
Explanation of Solution
Radio telescopes are used to detect the invisible radio waves by using big dishes. The parabolic shaped dish of a radio telescope act like a mirror of an optical microscope, and the incoming radio waves are collected by using a secondary reflector and the signals are transmitted to a receiver. The wavelength of a radio wave is 10000 times longer than the visible light.
The long radio waves from celestial objects readily comes through the Earth’s atmosphere, most of the astronomical studies are based on radio waves that work on ground. The space-based radio wave telescopes detect very long radio waves and give good extraordinary resolution images. The space-based radio wave telescopes are also capable of detecting microwaves.
c.
Whether the atmosphere is mostly transparent or mostly opaque to gamma rays.
c.
Answer to Problem 1GST
Therefore, the atmosphere is mostly opaque to the short wave gamma rays.
Explanation of Solution
The telescopes on the Earth’s surface also face some problems such as, they can only observe on cloudless night and the light interference from city lights make it tough. More importantly, the advanced telescopes located in the mountaintops still face the blurring effects of atmospheric turbulence.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 23 Solutions
Earth Science (14th Edition)
- Hexagonal system. Indicate the volume of the unit cell.arrow_forwardFORM OF VOLCANOarrow_forwardf the same amount of sunlight was hitting an area of land and an area of water, which area would heat more rapidly? The land would heat more rapidly. The water would heat more rapidly. They would both heat at about the same rate It would depend on the characteristics of the water and land.arrow_forward
- The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain physiographic province has which of the following characteristics? Many fertile swamps and marshes Low, rolling hills Folding, uplift, and faulting Small mountain ranges and flat valleysarrow_forwardSuppose you are visiting the equator. It is noon. The Sun is at its highest point in the sky for the day, which is directly over your head. You call a friend on the phone, and she says it is also noon where she is but the Sun is not directly overhead at that location and time. It is a little lower in the sky for her. Compare the longitude and latitude of your location with the longitude and latitude of your friend's location. Are they alike or different? How do you know?arrow_forwardProvide examples to illustrate the effects of glacier and ice sheet melting on climate globally and regionally. Use words to illustrate any feedback mechanisms between melting ice sheets and the climate.arrow_forward
- Use diagrams and word explanations to show how excess heat from the tropics is transferred to higher latitudes (discuss cells and ciruclations) . Additionally, show how the broadening of the Hadley Cell, caused by rising greenhouse gases, could affect surface climate in subtropical and mid-latitude regions.arrow_forwardExplain why the Earth is in not in radiative equilibriumarrow_forwardShowing the energy flows into and out of Earth’s atmosphere with energy sketches. Clearly label each flow for what it represents, distinguishing between solar and terrestrial energy flows. Explain the diagrams in more detailsarrow_forward
- 44) In periglacial environments, the layer of ground that thaws every summer and freezes every winter is called A) frost layer B) permafrost C) active layer D) discontinuous permafrostarrow_forwardUse the attached piezometer map to make your own, clean version of the map, and indicate the elevation of the water table at all piezometer locations. Draw equipotential lines (lines of equal water table elevation) using regular intervals – creating a contoured map of the water table. Determine the direction of groundwater flow based on the horizontal gradient. Label the areas of recharge and discharge directly on your map. Flow lines: Draw flow lines on your water table map. The lines should be at right angles to the equipotential lines and extend from the recharge area to the discharge area. Hydraulic Gradient, Specific Discharge (Darcy Flux), Average Linear Velocity: Using your water table map, estimate an average hydraulic gradient between two locations, call them locations A and B, one at the eastern-most and a second at the western-most extent of your dataset (note the north arrow on the map). Calculate the specific discharge, q, between the two locations. For this calculation…arrow_forwardCalculate all the values of table 1: Q in (L/day) Q out (L/day) Residence time (days) Please show all stepsarrow_forward
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science ...Earth ScienceISBN:9780134746241Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. TasaPublisher:PEARSON
Exercises for Weather & Climate (9th Edition)Earth ScienceISBN:9780134041360Author:Greg CarbonePublisher:PEARSON
Environmental ScienceEarth ScienceISBN:9781260153125Author:William P Cunningham Prof., Mary Ann Cunningham ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Earth Science (15th Edition)Earth ScienceISBN:9780134543536Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. TasaPublisher:PEARSON
Environmental Science (MindTap Course List)Earth ScienceISBN:9781337569613Author:G. Tyler Miller, Scott SpoolmanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physical GeologyEarth ScienceISBN:9781259916823Author:Plummer, Charles C., CARLSON, Diane H., Hammersley, LisaPublisher:Mcgraw-hill Education,