
a) Ethyl pentanoate
Interpretation:
Whether ethyl pentanoate can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis is to be stated. If so the alkyl halide to be used is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Malonic ester synthesis is used to prepare carboxylic acids from
To state:
Whether ethyl pentanoate can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis and to indicate the alkyl halide to be used.
b) Ethyl 3-methylbutanoate
Interpretation:
Whether ethyl 3-methylbutaonate can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis is to be stated. If so the alkyl halide to be used is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Malonic ester synthesis is used to prepare carboxylic acids from alkyl halides. The ester is converted into its enolate ion which then attacks the alkyl halide. Hydrolysis and decarboxylation of the alkylated product yield the carboxylic acid which has two carbon extra than the alkyl halide. The acid can then be converted into ester by treating with ethanol in the presence of HCl.
To state:
Whether ethyl 3-methylbutanoate can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis and to indicate the alkyl halide to be used.
c) Ethyl 2-methylbutanoate
Interpretation:
Whether ethyl 2-methylbutanoate can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis is to be stated. If so the alkyl halide to be used is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Malonic ester synthesis is used to prepare carboxylic acids from alkyl halides. The ester is converted into its enolate ion which then attacks the alkyl halide. Hydrolysis and decarboxylation of the alkylated product yield the carboxylic acid which has two carbon extra than the alkyl halide. The acid can then be converted into ester by treating with ethanol in the presence of HCl.
To state:
Whether ethyl 2-methylbutanoate can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis and to indicate the alkyl halide to be used.
d) Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate
Interpretation:
Whether ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis is to be stated. If so the alkyl halide to be used is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Malonic ester synthesis is used to prepare carboxylic acids from alkyl halides. The ester is converted into its enolate ion which then attacks the alkyl halide. Hydrolysis and decarboxylation of the alkylated product yield the carboxylic acid which has two carbon extra than the alkyl halide. The acid can then be converted into ester by treating with ethanol in the presence of HCl.
To state:
Whether ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate can be prepared by malonic ester synthesis and to indicate the alkyl halide to be used.

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Chapter 22 Solutions
Study Guide with Student Solutions Manual for McMurry's Organic Chemistry, 9th
- Please sirrr soollveee these parts pleaseeee and thank youuuuuarrow_forward4. Read paragraph 4.15 from your textbook, use your calculated lattice energy values for CuO, CuCO3 and Cu(OH)2 an explain thermal decomposition reaction of malachite: Cu2CO3(OH)2 →2CuO + H2O + CO2 (3 points)arrow_forwardPlease sirrr soollveee these parts pleaseeee and thank youuuuuarrow_forward
- III O Organic Chemistry Using wedges and dashes in skeletal structures Draw a skeletal ("line") structure for each of the molecules below. Be sure your structures show the important difference between the molecules. key O O O O O CHON Cl jiii iiiiiiii You can drag the slider to rotate the molecules. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Q Search X G ©2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use F 3 W C 3/5arrow_forward3. Use Kapustinskii's equation and data from Table 4.10 in your textbook to calculate lattice energies of Cu(OH)2 and CuCO3 (4 points)arrow_forward2. Copper (II) oxide crystalizes in monoclinic unit cell (included below; blue spheres 2+ represent Cu²+, red - O²-). Use Kapustinski's equation (4.5) to calculate lattice energy for CuO. You will need some data from Resource section of your textbook (p.901). (4 points) CuOarrow_forward
- What is the IUPAC name of the following compound? OH (2S, 4R)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O (2R, 4R)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O (2R, 4S)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O(2S, 4S)-4-chloropentan-2-olarrow_forwardIn the answer box, type the number of maximum stereoisomers possible for the following compound. A H H COH OH = H C Br H.C OH CHarrow_forwardSelect the major product of the following reaction. Br Br₂, light D Br Br Br Brarrow_forward
- Select all molecules which are chiral. Brarrow_forwardUse the reaction coordinate diagram to answer the below questions. Type your answers into the answer box for each question. (Watch your spelling) Energy A B C D Reaction coordinate E A) Is the reaction step going from D to F endothermic or exothermic? A F G B) Does point D represent a reactant, product, intermediate or transition state? A/ C) Which step (step 1 or step 2) is the rate determining step? Aarrow_forward1. Using radii from Resource section 1 (p.901) and Born-Lande equation, calculate the lattice energy for PbS, which crystallizes in the NaCl structure. Then, use the Born-Haber cycle to obtain the value of lattice energy for PbS. You will need the following data following data: AH Pb(g) = 196 kJ/mol; AHƒ PbS = −98 kJ/mol; electron affinities for S(g)→S¯(g) is -201 kJ/mol; S¯(g) (g) is 640kJ/mol. Ionization energies for Pb are listed in Resource section 2, p.903. Remember that enthalpies of formation are calculated beginning with the elements in their standard states (S8 for sulfur). The formation of S2, AHF: S2 (g) = 535 kJ/mol. Compare the two values, and explain the difference. (8 points)arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning

