Foundations in Microbiology
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780073522609
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 22.L2, Problem 5CT
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The factors that make lungs a favorable site for fungal infections.
Introduction:
The lungs serve as favorable site for several fungal infection. This may be attributed to several factors.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Please finish the chart at the bottom. Some of the answers have been filled in.
9. Aerobic respiration of one lipid molecule. The lipid is composed of one glycerol molecule connected to two
fatty acid tails. One fatty acid is 12 carbons long and the other fatty acid is 18 carbons long in the figure
below. Use the information below to determine how much ATP will be produced from the glycerol part of
the lipid. Then, in part B, determine how much ATP is produced from the 2 fatty acids of the lipid. Finally
put the NADH and ATP yields together from the glycerol and fatty acids (part A and B) to determine your
total number of ATP produced per lipid. Assume no other carbon source is available.
18 carbons
fatty acids
12 carbons
9
glycerol
A. Glycerol is broken down to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, a glycolysis intermediate via the following
pathway shown in the figure below. Notice this process costs one ATP but generates one FADH2. Continue
generating ATP with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate using the standard pathway and aerobic respiration.
glycerol
glycerol-3-
phosphate…
Normal dive (for diving humans)
normal
breathing
dive
normal
breathing
Oz level
CO2 level
urgent need
to breathe
Oz blackout zone
high CO2 triggers breathing
6. This diagram shows rates of oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation in the blood in
relation to the levels needed to maintain consciousness and trigger the urgent need to breathe in
diving humans.
How might the location and slope of the O₂ line differ for diving marine mammals such as
whales and dolphins?
•
How might the location and slope of the CO₂ line differ for diving marine mammals such as
whales and dolphins?
•
•
Draw in predicted lines for O2 and CO2, based on your reasoning above.
How might the location of the Urgent Need to Breathe line and the O2 Blackout Zone line
differ for diving marine mammals?
What physiological mechanisms account for each of these differences, resulting in the ability
of marine mammals to stay submerged for long periods of time?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 1ELOCh. 22.1 - Prob. 2ELOCh. 22.1 - Prob. 3ELOCh. 22.1 - List the most important antifungal defenses found...Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 5ELOCh. 22.1 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 22.1 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 22.1 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 22.1 - Prob. 4CYPCh. 22.1 - Prob. 5CYP
Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 22.1 - Prob. 7CYPCh. 22.2 - Prob. 6ELOCh. 22.2 - Prob. 7ELOCh. 22.2 - Prob. 8ELOCh. 22.2 - Understand the means by which infections with...Ch. 22.2 - Differentiate between systemic, subcutaneous,...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 9CYPCh. 22.2 - Prob. 10CYPCh. 22.2 - Prob. 11CYPCh. 22.2 - Prob. 12CYPCh. 22.2 - Prob. 13CYPCh. 22.3 - Describe the progression of a typical subcutaneous...Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 11ELOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 12ELOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 13ELOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 14CYPCh. 22.3 - Prob. 15CYPCh. 22.3 - Prob. 16CYPCh. 22.3 - List the similarities and differences encountered...Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 22.4 - Understand the pathology, epidemiology, and...Ch. 22.4 - Distinguish among the diseases caused by members...Ch. 22.4 - List the factors involved in contracting ringworm,...Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 22.5 - Prob. 16ELOCh. 22.5 - Prob. 21CYPCh. 22.6 - Prob. 17ELOCh. 22.6 - Explain the epidemiology of candidiasis.Ch. 22.6 - Prob. 19ELOCh. 22.6 - Prob. 22CYPCh. 22.6 - Prob. 23CYPCh. 22.6 - Prob. 24CYPCh. 22.6 - Prob. 25CYPCh. 22.6 - Prob. 26CYPCh. 22.6 - Prob. 27CYPCh. 22.7 - Prob. 20ELOCh. 22.7 - Prob. 28CYPCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 22.L1 - Primary pathogenic fungi differ from opportunistic...Ch. 22.L1 - True pathogenic fungi a. are transmissible from...Ch. 22.L1 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 22.L1 - Histoplasmosis has the greatest endemic occurrence...Ch. 22.L1 - Coccidioidomycosis is endemic to which geographic...Ch. 22.L1 - Skin testing with antigen is a useful...Ch. 22.L1 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 13MCQCh. 22.L1 - Which fungus does not commonly cause systemic...Ch. 22.L1 - Prob. 15MCQCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 16MCQCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 2CSRCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 1WCCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 2WCCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 3WCCh. 22.L1 - Prob. 4WCCh. 22.L2 - Prob. 1CTCh. 22.L2 - a. Name several medical conditions that compromise...Ch. 22.L2 - Prob. 3CTCh. 22.L2 - Prob. 4CTCh. 22.L2 - Prob. 5CTCh. 22.L2 - Prob. 7CTCh. 22.L2 - Prob. 8CTCh. 22.L2 - Prob. 1VCCh. 22.L2 - What would you expect to see microscopically from...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- foraging/diet type teeth tongue stomach intestines cecum Insectivory numerous, spiky, incisors procumbentExample: moleExample: shrew -- simple short mostly lacking Myrmecophagy absent or reduced in numbers, peg-likeExample: tamandua anteater extremely long simple, often roughened short small or lacking Terrestrial carnivory sharp incisors; long, conical canines; often carnassial cheek teeth; may have crushing molarsExample: dog -- simple short small Aquatic carnivory homodont, spiky, numerousExample: common dolphin -- simple or multichambered (cetaceans only) variable small or absent Sanguinivory very sharp upper incisors; reduced cheek teethExample: vampire bat grooved tubular, highly extensible long small or lacking Herbivory (except nectivores) incisors robust or absent; canines reduced or absent; diastema; cheek teeth enlarged with complex occlusal surfacesExample: beaver -- simple (hindgut fermenters) or multichambered (ruminants) long large Filter feeding none…arrow_forward3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species (A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences? Species A 3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3 པར『ན་ cm 30 Species B 4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4 cm 10 Species C 0/4, 0/0,3/3, 3/3 020arrow_forward3. Shown below is the dental formula and digestive tract anatomy of three mammalian species (A, B, and C). What kind of diet would you expect each species to have? Support your answers with what you can infer from the dental formula and what you can see in the diagram. Broadly speaking, what accounts for the differences? Species A 3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 3/3 cm 30 Species B 0/4, 0/0, 3/3, 3/3 cm 10 Species C 4/3, 1/1, 2/2, 4/4 E 0 cm 20 AILarrow_forward
- Normal dive (for diving humans) normal breathing dive normal breathing Oz level CO₂ level urgent need to breathe Oz blackout zone high CO₂ triggers breathing 6. This diagram shows rates of oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation in the blood in relation to the levels needed to maintain consciousness and trigger the urgent need to breathe in diving humans. • How might the location and slope of the O2 line differ for diving marine mammals such as whales and dolphins? • How might the location and slope of the CO2 line differ for diving marine mammals such as whales and dolphins? • • Draw in predicted lines for O2 and CO2, based on your reasoning above. How might the location of the Urgent Need to Breathe line and the O2 Blackout Zone line differ for diving marine mammals? What physiological mechanisms account for each of these differences, resulting in the ability of marine mammals to stay submerged for long periods of time?arrow_forwardHow much ATP will be produced during the following metabolic scenario: Aerobic respiration of a 5mM lipid solution that is made up of one glycerol and an 8-carbon fatty acid and 12-carbon fatty acid. Recall that when glycerol breaks down to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate it costs one ATP but your get an extra FADH2. Every two carbons of a fatty acid break down to one acetyl-CoA. Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in mM of ATP.arrow_forwardIf a bacterium using aerobic respiration was to degrade one small protein molecule into 8 molecules of pyruvic acid, how many ATP would that cell make? Assume there is no other carbon source. Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in molecules of ATP.arrow_forward
- If a bacterium using aerobic respiration was to degrade a 30 mM solution of citric acid, how many ATP would that cell make? Assume no other carbon source is available. Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in mM of ATP.arrow_forwardHow much ATP will be produced during the following metabolic scenario: Aerobic respiration of a 5mM lipid solution that is made up of one glycerol and an 8-carbon fatty acid and 12-carbon fatty acid. Recall that when glycerol breaks down to Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate it costs one ATP but your get an extra FADH2. Every two carbons of a fatty acid break down to one acetyl-CoA. (pathways will be provided on the exam) Units cannot be entered in this style of question but the units of your answer should be in mM of ATP.arrow_forwardWhen beta-lactamase was isolated from Staphylcoccus aureus and treated with a phosphorylating agent, only the active site, serine was phosphorylated. Additionally, the serine was found to constitute 0.35% (by weight) of this beta-lactamase enzyme. Using this, calculate the molecular weight of this enzyme and estimate the number of amino acids present in the polypeptide.arrow_forward
- Based on your results from the Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) media, which of your bacteria were mannitol fermenters and which were not mannitol fermenters?arrow_forwardhelp tutor pleasearrow_forwardQ8. A researcher wants to study the effectiveness of a pill intended to reduce stomach heartburn in pregnant women. The researcher chooses randomly 400 women to participate in this experiment for 9 months of their pregnancy period. They all need to have the same diet. The researcher designs two groups of 200 participants: One group take the real medication intended to reduce heartburn, while the other group take placebo medication. In this study what are: Independent variable: Dependent variable: Control variable: Experimental group: " Control group: If the participants do not know who is consuming the real pills and who is consuming the sugar pills. This study is It happens that 40% of the participants do not find the treatment helpful and drop out after 6 months. The researcher throws out the data from subjects that drop out. What type of bias is there in this study? If the company who makes the medication funds this research, what type of bias might exist in this research work?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781305073951Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
Concepts of Biology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168116
Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher:OpenStax College
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...
Biology
ISBN:9781305073951
Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning