Human Biology Custom Edition
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337631532
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 22, Problem 9SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Cancer is caused due to abnormal cell growth. This occurs due to several genetic and epigenetic alterations that cause uncontrolled proliferation of cells.
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which of the following cells secrete cytokines that activate B cells, T cells, and macrophages?
a. T helper cells
b. regulatory T cells
c. T cytotoxic cells
d. dendritic cells
Unlike cytotoxic T lymphocytes, NK cells do not _____. (Select all that apply.)
a. secrete cytokines
b. participate in the adaptive immune response
c. rearrange T-cell receptor genes
d. use MHC class I molecules for their development and function
e. express CD3 components.
Suppose a person recovers normally from viral infections, but then gets the same viral infections over and over again- unlike the rest of us.
A. What is probably wrong –B cells, helper T cells and/or cytotoxic T cells?
B. Should this person be at a higher risk of cancer than the rest of us?
C. Should this person be able to lyse bacterial cells as well as the rest of us?
D. Should this person tolerate a graft (from an unreated person) better than you are me?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Human Biology Custom Edition
Ch. 22 - Prob. 1RQCh. 22 - Prob. 2RQCh. 22 - Prob. 3RQCh. 22 - Prob. 4RQCh. 22 - Prob. 5RQCh. 22 - Prob. 6RQCh. 22 - Prob. 1SQCh. 22 - Prob. 2SQCh. 22 - Prob. 3SQCh. 22 - Prob. 4SQ
Ch. 22 - Prob. 5SQCh. 22 - Tumor suppressor genes _____. a. occur normally in...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7SQCh. 22 - The most common therapeutic approaches to treating...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9SQCh. 22 - Prob. 10SQCh. 22 - Prob. 1CTCh. 22 - A textbook on cancer contains the following...Ch. 22 - Ultimately, cancer kills because it spreads and...Ch. 22 - Over the last few months, your best friend, Mark,...Ch. 22 - Some desperate cancer patients consume pills or...
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- The two major types of phagocytic cells are_________ and_________. Select one: a. neutrophils; monocytes b. monocytes; macrophages c. eosinophils; T cells d. lymphocytes; monocytes e. neutrophils; macrophagesarrow_forwardwhat cell provides cell mediated immunity a. monocytes b. b lymphocte c. cytotoxic t cells d. neurophilsarrow_forwardLoss-of-function mutations in the common γ chain (γc) gene are particularly damaging to the immune system because _____. a. homozygotes and heterozygotes fail to make sufficient γc protein for lymphocyte activation b. T cells fail to develop in the thymus c. T-cell dependent and T-cell independent B-cell responses are inhibited d. multiple cytokine receptors cannot signal e. MHC class II genes are unable to be expressed.arrow_forward
- The first cell to initiate an adaptive immune response to a novel pathogen is _____. A. an antigen presenting cell such as a neutrophil or macrophage B. a helper T cell in the lymph nodes C. a B cell that binds a pathogen at the site of infection D. a memory cell that is activated directly by the pathogenarrow_forwardHoming of effector T cells to inflamed tissue is facilitated by the upregulation of _____ on the surface of the effector T cell. a. VLA-4 b. L-selectin c. CD28 d. VCAM-1 e. B7.arrow_forwardThe detrimental effects of Lupus erythematosis are initiated by A. activated T cells attacking myelin B. immune complexes lodging in capillaries C. lack of activated CD4+ cellsarrow_forward
- ________ are released by helper T cells to mobilize immune cells and macrophages and attract other leukocytes into the area. A. Interleukin 2 proteins B. Lymphokines C. Interleukin 1 proteins D. Monokines Explain correct answer.arrow_forwardHelper T cells do not _________. Select one: a. secrete cytokines that stimulate clonal selection of B cells. b. secrete inflammatory chemicals. c. secrete cytokines that stimulate macrophage activity. d. secrete cytokines that stimulate clonal selection of cytotoxic T cells. e. secrete fever-producing chemicals.arrow_forwardThe acquired ability to prevent an unnecessary or destructive immune reaction to a harmless foreign particle, such as a food protein, is called ________. a. the TH2 response b. allergy c. immune tolerance d. autoimmunityarrow_forward
- The processes of clonal selection and clonal expansion occur during _____. a. adaptive immune responses b. innate immune responses c. hematopoiesis d. self renewal e. immunodeficiency diseases.arrow_forwardDiGeorge syndrome is a congenital disease that results in a poorly developed, nonfunctioning thymus gland. Which of the following would be a likely problem experienced by a baby with DiGeorge syndrome? a. lack of B cells b. lack of antibodies c. lack of T cells d. lack of macrophagesarrow_forwardExplain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. Which statement is true about T cells? a. They usually directly recognize antigens, which then activates a subpopulation of killer cells b. Their proliferation is enhanced by interleukins 1 and 2. c. Once activated, they cannot secrete cytokines. d. They will develop into cytotoxic T cells if antigen is complexed with class II MHC proteins.arrow_forward
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