EBK BIOLOGY
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134819150
Author: Maier
Publisher: VST
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Question
Chapter 22, Problem 9LTB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Muscle can be defined as a bundle or band of fibrous tissue in an animal or human body that has the capability to contract and produce movement in or upholding the location of body parts. There are 3 types of muscle tissue: smooth, cardiac, and skeletal. All muscles are made up of a type of elastic tissue.
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In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately precedes the sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin?
binding of acetylcholine to its receptor
binding of calcium to troponin
exocytosis of acetylcholine at NMJ
binding of myosin head to actin's active site
binding of ATP to the myosin head
In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately precedes the influx of sodium into a myofiber at the neuromuscular junction?
release of calcium from the terminal cisternae
sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin
propagation of an action potential down the t-tubules
binding of myosin head to actin's active site
binding of acetylcholine to its receptor
In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps requires hydrolysis of ATP to complete?
movement of myosin head, pulling the thin filament
binding of myosin head to active site on actin
resetting of the myosin head back to its ready position
letting go of myosin head from the active site on actin
sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin
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- In the process of muscle contraction, which of the following steps immediately comes after the propagation of an action potential down the t-tubules of a myofiber? sliding of tropomyosin causing exposure of actin binding of myosin head to actin's active site release of calcium from the terminal cisternae binding of acetylcholine to its receptor influx of sodium at the sarcolemmaarrow_forwardWhich of the following step(s) about the excitation of skeletal muscle is/are incorrect? 1. Acetylcholine is released and binds to motor end plate receptors 2. An action potential is created and moves down T-tubules 3. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum 4. Calcium ions bind to tropomyosin to shift troponin off the binding sites for cross-bridging 5. Myosin forms cross-bridges and binds with actin to pull it towards middle of sarcomerearrow_forwardSkeletal muscle will be released in its contracted (rigor) state when: Group of answer choices ATP is hydrolyzed into forming ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP binds to the myosin head. ADP is dissociated from the myosin head. ATP binds to the actin G-molecule.arrow_forward
- Hello, may I please get help with this physiology question? An explanation leading to the correct answer would be helpful! Scenario: Your friend Arnold S, who sometimes goes by "Dutch", has started lifting weights because he wants his muscles to get bigger. He's done a little bit of research, and he tells you that weight lifting is increasing the size of myofibrils. Arnie is getting huge, and so you are hesitant to correct him, but you know that what he's saying isn't quite right. The more likely explanation for Arnold's muscles getting bigger is...arrow_forwardThe power stroke in muscle contraction is the: Group of answer choices product of force and velocity in muscle contraction transmission of the action potential down the neuron rotation of the myosin head after the cross bridge forms transmission of the action potential down the neuronarrow_forwardOrder the events leading to muscle contraction. Ca ions bind to troponin myosin binds to actin Nerve cell releases acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction troponin pulls tropomyosin, exposing the mysoin binding site ATP causing myosin to move (pull) actin toward the center of the cell the sarcolemma membrane depolarizes and triggers the sarcoplamic reticulum to release Ca ionsarrow_forward
- According to the sliding filament mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction, during contraction: The thick filaments stay the same size but the thin filaments shorten. The thin filaments stay the same size but the thick filaments shorten. Both thick and thin filaments shorten. The sarcomeres shorten.arrow_forwardWe control muscle force using motor unit recruitment. When we recruit more motor units, what is happening at the organ/cell/molecular level? more myofibrils within a muscle cell are activated more muscle cells are excited the rate of crossbridge cycling is increased the number of myosin heads bound to actin within a muscle cell is increased more Ca++ is released into the cyoplasm of the muscle cellarrow_forwardWhich of the following correctly states the importance of an action potential to muscle contration? The SR will only release Ca2+ if it has been electrically stimulated. Sarcomeres require a negative electrical charge to start sliding. Actin and myosin must be electrically charged to create a cross-bridge. ATP cannot be split into ADP and Pi without an action potential.arrow_forward
- Myosin filaments iterdigitate with actin filaments in order to bring about muscle contraction. Provide below the 5 steps that are required for Myosin to move along actin.arrow_forwardWhat happens when the muscular action potential spreads through transverse (T) tubules of the sarcolemma? The action potential in T tubules triggers the release of acetylcholine from the axon terminals of the motor neuron. The action potential in T tubules triggers closing of sodium channels and opening of potassium channels, which enables myosin cross bridges to form. The action potential in T tubules opens voltage-sensitive calcium channels in the T tubules, allowing calcium to flow into the sarcoplasm. The action potential in T tubules causes a shape change in voltage-sensitive proteins that pull open calcium channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.arrow_forwardArrange the following in statements in the order that they occur during muscle contraction: 1-10 ACh leaves the synaptic knob and enters the synaptic cleft The action potential is carried deep into the muscle cell by T tubules The muscle cell relaxes and lengthens Myosin binds to and pulls on actin, resulting in muscle shortening Calcium attaches to troponin As calcium re-enters the sarcoplasmic reticulum, its concentration at the myofilaments decreases Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum Tropomyosin rolls out of the way, exposing actin ACh diffuses across the synaptic cleft and attaches to protein receptors on the sarcolemma, resulting in muscle "excitation" Na+ enters the muscle cell and K+ exits, resulting in an action potentialarrow_forward
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