a. Explanation Given data: In proton beam therapy, a beam of high-energy protons is used to deliver radiation to a tumor to kill the cancerous cells of the tumor. Energy of the protons ( E ) is 2.8 × 10 − 11 J . Proton beam current ( I ) is 80 nA . Energy of the required dose of the protons ( E req ) is 3.6 × 10 − 3 J . Formula used: Write the expression for current in terms of charge as follows. I = N ( q Δ t ) (1) Here, N is the number of protons delivered to the tumor to kill its cancerous cells, q is the charge of the proton, and Δ t is the turn on time (duration) of the proton beam, which is 1.0 s. Write the expression for charge of the proton as follows. q = + 1 e (2) Here, e is the charge of electron, which is 1.602 × 10 − 19 C . Explanation: Calculation of number of protons strikes the tumor each second ( N Δ t ) : Rearrange the expression in equation (1) to find the number of protons strikes the tumor each second as follows. N Δ t = I q (3) From equation (2), substitute ( 1 e ) for q , N Δ t = I 1 e Substitute 80 nA for I , and 1 b. To determine To find: The turn on time of the proton beam in order to deliver the required dose.

College Physics: A Strategic Approach, Books a la Carte Edition (4th Edition)

4th Edition

ISBN: 9780134700502

Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field

Publisher: PEARSON

See similar textbooks

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 64GP

To determine

To find: The number of protons strikes the tumor in each second.

To determine

To find: The turn on time of the proton beam in order to deliver the required dose.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Chapter 22, Problem 63GP

Chapter 22, Problem 65GP

Students have asked these similar questions

Shrinking Loop. A circular loop of flexible iron wire has an initial circumference of 161 cm , but its circumference is decreasing at a constant rate of 15.0 cm/s due to a tangential pull on the wire. The loop is in a constant uniform magnetic field of magnitude 1.00 T , which is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the loop. Assume that you are facing the loop and that the magnetic field points into the loop. Find the magnitude of the emf E induced in the loop after exactly time 9.00 s has passed since the circumference of the loop started to decrease. please show all steps

Aromatic molecules like those in perfume have a diffusion coefficient in air of approximately 2×10−5m2/s2×10−5m2/s. Part A Estimate, to one significant figure, how many hours it takes perfume to diffuse 2.5 mm, about 6.5 ftft, in still air. Express your answer in hours to one significant figure.

Rocket Science: CH 83. A rocket of mass M moving at speed v ejects an infinitesimal mass dm out its exhaust nozzle at speed vex. (a) Show that con- servation of momentum implies that M dy = vex dm, where dy is the change in the rocket's speed. (b) Integrate this equation from some initial speed v; and mass M; to a final speed vf and mass Mf Vf to show that the rocket's final velocity is given by the expression V₁ = V¡ + Vex ln(M¡/M₁).

Chapter 22 Solutions

College Physics: A Strategic Approach, Books a la Carte Edition (4th Edition)

Ch. 22 - Prob. 2CQ Ch. 22 - Prob. 3CQ Ch. 22 - Prob. 4CQ Ch. 22 - All wires in Figure Q22.519 are made of the same...Ch. 22 - A wire carries a 4 A current. What is the current...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7CQ Ch. 22 - Cells in the nervous system have a potential...Ch. 22 - a. Which directionclockwise or...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10CQ Ch. 22 - Prob. 11CQ

Ch. 22 - The two circuits in Figure Q22.12 use identical...Ch. 22 - The two circuits in Figure Q22.13 use identical...Ch. 22 - Prob. 14CQ Ch. 22 - Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the...Ch. 22 - The circuit in Figure Q22.16 has three batteries...Ch. 22 - Prob. 17CQ Ch. 22 - Prob. 18CQ Ch. 22 - Over time, atoms boil off the hot filament in an...Ch. 22 - Prob. 20CQ Ch. 22 - A 100 W lightbulb is brighter than a 60 W...Ch. 22 - Lightbulbs are typically rated by their power...Ch. 22 - Lightbulbs are typically rated by their power...Ch. 22 - A copper wire is stretched so that its length...Ch. 22 - The potential difference across a length of wire...Ch. 22 - Prob. 26MCQ Ch. 22 - A resistor connected to a 3.0 V battery dissipates...Ch. 22 - If a 1.5 V battery stores 5.0 kJ of energy (a...Ch. 22 - Figure Q22.29 shows a side view of a wire of...Ch. 22 - A person gains weight by adding fatand therefore...Ch. 22 - Prob. 31MCQ Ch. 22 - The current in an electric hair dryer is 10 A. How...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2P Ch. 22 - Three wires meet at a junction. Wire 1 has a...Ch. 22 - When a nerve cell depolarizes, charge is...Ch. 22 - A wire carries a 15 A current. How many electrons...Ch. 22 - In a typical lightning strike, 2.5 C flows from...Ch. 22 - Prob. 7P Ch. 22 - In an ionic solution, 5.0 1015 positive ions with...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9P Ch. 22 - What are the values of currents IB and IC in...Ch. 22 - The currents through several segments of a wire...Ch. 22 - How much electric potential energy does 1.0 C of...Ch. 22 - What is the emf of a battery that increases the...Ch. 22 - A 9.0 V battery supplies a 2.5 mA current to a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 16P Ch. 22 - An electric catfish can generate a significant...Ch. 22 - A Wire with resistance R is connected to the...Ch. 22 - Wires 1 and 2 are made of the same metal. Wire 2...Ch. 22 - Prob. 20P Ch. 22 - Resistivity measurements on the leaves of corn...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22P Ch. 22 - A motorcyclist is making an electric vest that,...Ch. 22 - Prob. 24P Ch. 22 - A 3.0 V potential difference is applied between...Ch. 22 - Prob. 26P Ch. 22 - Prob. 27P Ch. 22 - Prob. 28P Ch. 22 - Figure P22.29 shows the...Ch. 22 - Figure P22.30 is a...Ch. 22 - In Example 22.6 the length of a 60 W, 240 ...Ch. 22 - The electric field inside a 30-cm-long copper wire...Ch. 22 - A copper wire is 1.0 mm in diameter and carries a...Ch. 22 - Two identical lightbulbs are connected in series...Ch. 22 - Prob. 35P Ch. 22 - a. What is the resistance of a 1500 W (120 V) hair...Ch. 22 - Prob. 37P Ch. 22 - A 70 W electric blanket runs at 18 V. a. What is...Ch. 22 - A 60-cm-long heating wire is connected to a 120 V...Ch. 22 - An electric eel develops a potential difference of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 41P Ch. 22 - A 3.0 V battery powers a flashlight bulb that has...Ch. 22 - A heating element in a toaster dissipates 900 W...Ch. 22 - Prob. 44GP Ch. 22 - Prob. 45GP Ch. 22 - The hot dog cooker described in the chapter heats...Ch. 22 - Air isnt a perfect electric insulator, but it has...Ch. 22 - The biochemistry that takes place inside cells...Ch. 22 - High-resolution measurements have shown that an...Ch. 22 - When an ion channel opens in a cell wall (see...Ch. 22 - The total charge a battery can supply is rated in...Ch. 22 - Prob. 52GP Ch. 22 - The heating element of a simple heater consists of...Ch. 22 - Variations in the resistivity of blood can give...Ch. 22 - A 40 W (120 V) lightbulb has a tungsten filament...Ch. 22 - Prob. 56GP Ch. 22 - When the starter motor on a car is engaged, there...Ch. 22 - Prob. 58GP Ch. 22 - The two segments of the wire in Figure P22.59 have...Ch. 22 - Prob. 60GP Ch. 22 - Prob. 61GP Ch. 22 - Prob. 62GP Ch. 22 - Prob. 63GP Ch. 22 - Prob. 64GP Ch. 22 - An immersion heater used to boil water for a...Ch. 22 - The graph in Figure P22.66 shows the current...Ch. 22 - Its possible to estimate the percentage of fat in...Ch. 22 - If you touch the two terminals of a power supply...Ch. 22 - The average resistivity of the human body (apart...Ch. 22 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Lightbulb Failure...Ch. 22 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Lightbulb Failure...Ch. 22 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Lightbulb Failure...Ch. 22 - MCAT-Style Passage Problems Lightbulb Failure...

Knowledge Booster