When aniline is treated with fuming sulfuric acid, meta-product is formed. The reason for this change has to be found. Concept Introduction : An amino group is an ortho-para director. An electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place at ortho- and para- positions when a new group is introduced to benzene ring which contains amino group. An ammonium group is a meta-director. An electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place at meta-position when a new group is introduced to benzene ring which contains ammonium group. Protonated form of ammonia or amino group is called ammonium ion. To find: The reason for the formation of meta-product in the given reaction Find the nature of direction in amino and ammonium groups

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Chapter 22, Problem 50PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: When aniline is treated with fuming sulfuric acid, meta-product is formed. The reason for this change has to be found.

Concept Introduction:

An amino group is an ortho-para director. An electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place at ortho- and para- positions when a new group is introduced to benzene ring which contains amino group. An ammonium group is a meta-director. An electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction takes place at meta-position when a new group is introduced to benzene ring which contains ammonium group. Protonated form of ammonia or amino group is called ammonium ion.

To find: The reason for the formation of meta-product in the given reaction

Find the nature of direction in amino and ammonium groups

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