Chapter 22, Problem 22.44QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of molecules of ATP produced by glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Glycolysis is the major metabolic pathway of glucose that occurs in the cytosol. In glycolysis, glucose molecule breaks into two pyruvate molecule, and energy is released in the form of ATP and NADH. Glycolysis occurs both aerobically and anaerobically.

The citric acid cycle includes a series of biochemical reactions that use acetyl CoA to form carbon dioxide and play a role in energy production and biosynthesis. It is the last stage of carbohydrates, fats, and amino acids breakdown. It occurs in eight steps catalyzed by different enzymes.

Oxidative phosphorylation is the mechanism of energy production that occurs in the inner membrane of mitochondria. In oxidative phosphorylation, NADH from the citric acid cycle is oxidized and establishes potential gradient across the boundary of inner mitochondrial membrane and produces ATP catalyzed by different enzymes.