Why do people who are immunized sometimes still get the flu? What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)? Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses. Case summary: Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104 ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 1EDCS

(1)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why do people who are immunized sometimes still get the flu? What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)? Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

(2)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)?

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

(3)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 1EDCS

(1)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why do people who are immunized sometimes still get the flu? What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)? Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

(2)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)?

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

(3)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 1EDCS

(1)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why do people who are immunized sometimes still get the flu? What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)? Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

(2)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)?

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

(3)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 22, Problem 1EDCS

(1)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why do people who are immunized sometimes still get the flu? What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)? Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

(2)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)?

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

(3)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 22, Problem 1EDCS

(1)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why do people who are immunized sometimes still get the flu? What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)? Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

(2)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)?

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

(3)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

Answer 6

Chapter 22, Problem 1EDCS

(1)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why do people who are immunized sometimes still get the flu? What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)? Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

Answer 7

Chapter 22, Problem 1EDCS

(1)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why do people who are immunized sometimes still get the flu? What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)? Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

Answer 8

(2)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)?

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

Answer 9

(2)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

What do the letters A, H, and N stand for in the name A (H5N1)?

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

Answer 10

(3)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

Answer 11

(3)

Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why are epidemiologists particularly concerned about bird influenza viruses.

Case summary:

Wang Fang is too sick, he had a fever of about 104^ᵒ F for two days and dizzy, nausea, tiredness, vomiting. After that, she slowly develops running nose, dry cough, and severe sore throat. She had influenza A virus infection (H5N1), which is a commonly known as swine flu. This virus has a novel RNA strain that is emerged from the antigenic shift that occurs once in a decade. This new strain gives an adverse effect because of the different antigenic combinations. This type of antigenic combinations is new to the adaptive immune system and hence it requires a long period of time to cure this infection. Symptoms are appearing in this time period. Wang Fang has survived this flu, but many other patients could not survive with this flu.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 22 - Prob. 1TMW Ch. 22 - Why must diphtheria immunization be boosted every...Ch. 22 - Why is it inappropriate to treat a cold with...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1CCS Ch. 22 - Prob. 4TMW Ch. 22 - Prob. 1EDCS Ch. 22 - Prob. 2CCS Ch. 22 - Prob. 5TMW Ch. 22 - Prob. 2EDCS Ch. 22 - Outbreaks of blastomycosis have occurred in Latin...

Solution Summary: The author explains that the influenza virus is often changing its RNA strains because of mutations and recombination by the antigenic drift (occurs every year), and the new strain requires a long period of time to

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