You are an analyst working for Goldman Sachs, and you are trying to value the growth potential of a large, established company, Big Industries. Big Industries has a thriving R&D division that has consistently turned out successful products. You estimate that, on average, the R&D division generates two new product proposals every three years, so that there is a two-thirds chance that a project will be proposed every year. Typically, the investment opportunities the R&D division produces require an initial investment of $10 million and yield profits of $1 million per year that grow at one of three possible growth rates in perpetuity: 3%, 0%, and –3%. All three growth rates are equally likely for any given project. These opportunities are always “take it or leave it” opportunities: If they are not undertaken immediately, they disappear forever. Assume that the cost of capital will always remain at 12% per year. What is the
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- Answer the following lettered questions on the basis of the information in this table: Amount of R&D, $ Millions Expected Rate of Return on R&D, % $ 10 16 20 14 30 12 40 10 50 8 60 6 Instructions: Enter your answer as a whole number. a. If the interest-rate cost of funds is 8 percent, what is this firm's optimal amount of R&D spending? million %24arrow_forwardAn office building is currently for sale, and you are thinking of purchasing it. From your extensive market research and knowledge, you know the net operating income for this year is $315,000. You expect the net operating income will grow by 7% in the first five years, 5% in the subsequent five years, and 3.5% for every year after. If you are considering an 18-year investment window and desire a 16% rate of return, how much should you pay for the building?arrow_forwardYou have founded a company to sell thin client computers to the food processing industry for Internet e-commerce transaction processing. Before investing in your new company, a venture capitalist has asked for a five year pro-forma income statement showing unit sales, revenue, total variable cost, marketing expense, fixed cost, and profit before tax. You expect to sell 1,600 units of the thin client computers in the first year for a price of $1,800 each. Swept along by Internet growth, you expect to double unit sales each year for the next five years. However, competition will force a 15% decline in price each year. Fortunately, technical progress allows initial variable manufacturing costs of $1,000 for each unit to decline by 6% per year. Fixed costs are estimated to be $1,000,000 per year. Marketing expense is projected to be 14% of annual revenue. When it becomes profitable to do so, you will lease an automated assembly machine that reduces variable manufacturing costs by 20% but…arrow_forward
- You are the owner of a large data-services firm and are deciding on the purchase of a new hardwarecooling system that you expect will yield $233,300 in cost-savings per year for the next 15 years. Theinstallation of this cooling system will cost $3,000,000. Additionally, O&M expenditures for the collingsystem are expected to be $2,120 per year.1. At face value, does this system seem profitable? By how much?2. Assume that your company uses a discount rate of 6%.a. What is the Net Present Value (NPV) of this project?b. How does the NPV of this project change as you assume a higher or lower discountrate? Why?c. What is the IRR/ROI of this project?d. How much should the yearly cost-savings be in order to break even?i. (hint) use goal-seek/what-if analysis3. Suppose that you decide to finance the purchase of this system through a loan from the bank.The bank is willing to loan this money over an 8 year term at an interest rate of 4% per year.a. Using a 70/30 debt-to-equity ratio, what is…arrow_forwardYour boss has just presented you with the summary in the accompanying table of projected costs and annual receipts for a new product line. He asks you to calculate the IRR for this investment opportunity. What would you present to your boss, and how would you explain the results of your analysis? (It is widely known that the boss likes to see graphs of PW versus interest rate for this type of problem.) The company’s MARR is 10% per year.arrow_forwardI really want to understand how to organize and solve step by step this question.arrow_forward
- Your company has done very well. To take it to the next level, you need to acquire another smaller company that has manufacturing capabilities you do not have. You are evaluating a possible company with a value of $2,500,000. You expect that if you acquire the value of your company will increase at 5% per year. Your company is currently valued at $15,000,000 and your investment timeframe is 4 years. If the MARR for the company is 3%, what is the present value net gain (or loss) associated with acquiring the company? $-827500 $-101050 $164474 $378740 $427598arrow_forwardTPPY investment in research and development has given it a technological and cost advantage in manufacturing a previously difficult to make electronic component. The firm is now experiencing rapid growth due to the advantages it now enjoys over its competitors. It estimates growth rates of 12% next year, 10% in the following year and 9% the year after that. It believes that its competitors would have improved their own processes by the fourth year, at which time it expects its growth rates to decrease to a constant rate of 4% thereafter. Its last dividend was $1.80 per share. Assume the cost of equity is 15%. 1. ii. 111. What is the value of the stock today Po? What is the value of the stock one year from today P₁? What is the value of the stock two years from today P₂?arrow_forwardB&B has a new baby powder ready to market. If the firm goes directly to the market with the product, there is only a 65 percent chance of success. However, the firm can conduct customer segment research, which will take a year and cost $1.13 million. By going through research, B&B will be able to better target potential customers and will increase the probability of success to 80 percent. If successful, the baby powder will bring a present value profit (at time of initial selling) of $18.3 million. If unsuccessful, the present value payoff is $5.3 million. The appropriate discount rate is 13 percent. Calculate the NPV for the firm if it conducts customer segment research and if it goes to market immediately. (Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answers in dollars, not millions of dollars, rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 1,234,567.89.) Market immediately Research option Should the firm conduct customer segment research or go to the market immediately? O Market…arrow_forward
- You are a consultant who has been hired to evaluate a new product line for Markum Enterprises. The upfront investment required to launch the product line is $8 million. The product will generate free cash flow of $0.70 million the first year, and this free cash flow is expected to grow at a rate of 6% per year. Markum has an equity cost of capital of 10.8%, a debt cost of capital of 6.38%, and a tax rate of 25%. Markum maintains a debt-equity ratio of 0.50. a. What is the NPV of the new product line (including any tax shields from leverage)? b. How much debt will Markum initially take on as a result of launching this product line? c. How much of the product line's value is attributable to the present value of interest tax shields? Question content area bottom Part 1 a. What is the NPV of the new product line (including any tax shields from leverage)? The NPV of the new product line is $enter your response here million. (Round to two decimal places.)arrow_forwardYou are a consultant who has been hired to evaluate a new product line for Markum Enterprises. The upfront investment required to launch the product line is $8 million. The product will generate free cash flow of $0.70 million the first year, and this free cash flow is expected to grow at a rate of 6% per year. Markum has an equity cost of capital of 10.8%, a debt cost of capital of 6.38%, and a tax rate of 25%. Markum maintains a debt-equity ratio of 0.50. a. What is the NPV of the new product line (including any tax shields from leverage)? b. How much debt will Markum initially take on as a result of launching this product line? c. How much of the product line's value is attributable to the present value of interest tax shields? Question content area bottom Part 1 a. What is the NPV of the new product line (including any tax shields from leverage)? The NPV of the new product line is million. (Round to two decimal places.) Part 2 b. How much debt will…arrow_forwardTowson Industries is considering an investment of $256,950 that is expected to generate returns of $90,000 per year for each of the next four years. What is the investment's internal rate of return? working on excel plz !arrow_forward
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