Chapter 21.6, Problem 39ATS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reagents that are used to convert from compounds 1 to 5 have to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Stork enamine reaction:

It is the reaction in which a ketone or cyclic ketone will get installed with a side chain group via enamine formation and Michael addition.

General scheme:

Michael addition:

It is the 1,4 addition of an enolate to an alpha beta unsaturated compounds to form a difunctionalized compound. In this the enolate with the negative charge acts as a nucleophile while the alpha beta unsaturated compound with a double bond acts as an electrophile. In Michael addition, the nucleophilic species is called the Michael donor whereas the electrophilic species is called the Michael acceptor.

Example:

Wittig reaction:

It is the conversion of ketone into alkene using phosphonium ylide.

Example:

Hydrolysis of nitriles:

Nitriles on hydrolysis get converted into carboxylic acids.

General scheme: