A mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride is to be proposed. Concept introduction: Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21.6, Problem 21.15P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the statement that a single drop of sulfuric acid dramatically increases the reaction rate is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Catalysts are basically the substances that increase the rate of reaction and they are not consumed in the reaction. In the presence of catalysts, more collisions occurs in a reaction that increases the rate of a reaction.

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

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1. Answer the questions about the following reaction: (a) Draw in the arrows that can be used make this reaction occur and draw in the product of substitution in this reaction. Be sure to include any relevant stereochemistry in the product structure. + SK F Br + (b) In which solvent would this reaction proceed the fastest (Circle one) Methanol Acetone (c) Imagine that you are working for a chemical company and it was your job to perform a similar reaction to the one above, with the exception of the S atom in this reaction being replaced by an O atom. During the reaction, you observe the formation of three separate molecules instead of the single molecule obtained above. What is the likeliest other products that are formed? Draw them in the box provided.

3. For the reactions below, draw the arrows corresponding to the transformations and draw in the boxes the reactants or products as indicated. Note: Part A should have arrows drawn going from the reactants to the middle structure and the arrows on the middle structure that would yield the final structure. For part B, you will need to draw in the reactant before being able to draw the arrows corresponding to product formation. A. B. Rearrangement ΘΗ

2. Draw the arrows required to make the following reactions occur. Please ensure your arrows point from exactly where you want to exactly where you want. If it is unclear from where arrows start or where they end, only partial credit will be given. Note: You may need to draw in lone pairs before drawing the arrows. A. B. H-Br 人 C Θ CI H Cl Θ + Br O

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21.6, Problem 21.15P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the statement that a single drop of sulfuric acid dramatically increases the reaction rate is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Catalysts are basically the substances that increase the rate of reaction and they are not consumed in the reaction. In the presence of catalysts, more collisions occurs in a reaction that increases the rate of a reaction.

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21.6, Problem 21.15P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the statement that a single drop of sulfuric acid dramatically increases the reaction rate is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Catalysts are basically the substances that increase the rate of reaction and they are not consumed in the reaction. In the presence of catalysts, more collisions occurs in a reaction that increases the rate of a reaction.

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21.6, Problem 21.15P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the statement that a single drop of sulfuric acid dramatically increases the reaction rate is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Catalysts are basically the substances that increase the rate of reaction and they are not consumed in the reaction. In the presence of catalysts, more collisions occurs in a reaction that increases the rate of a reaction.

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21.6, Problem 21.15P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the statement that a single drop of sulfuric acid dramatically increases the reaction rate is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Catalysts are basically the substances that increase the rate of reaction and they are not consumed in the reaction. In the presence of catalysts, more collisions occurs in a reaction that increases the rate of a reaction.

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

Answer 6

Chapter 21.6, Problem 21.15P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

Answer 7

Chapter 21.6, Problem 21.15P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the statement that a single drop of sulfuric acid dramatically increases the reaction rate is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Catalysts are basically the substances that increase the rate of reaction and they are not consumed in the reaction. In the presence of catalysts, more collisions occurs in a reaction that increases the rate of a reaction.

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the statement that a single drop of sulfuric acid dramatically increases the reaction rate is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Catalysts are basically the substances that increase the rate of reaction and they are not consumed in the reaction. In the presence of catalysts, more collisions occurs in a reaction that increases the rate of a reaction.

Acid-catalyzed reactions are the chemical reactions that are catalyzed by an acid. An acid is a proton donor and is known as Bronsted-Lowry acid. The reactions that are typically catalyzed by proton transfer are esterification and aldol reactions.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 21.2F - Name the following carboxylic acid derivatives,...Ch. 21.4A - Prob. 21.2P Ch. 21.4A - Prob. 21.3P Ch. 21.4A - Prob. 21.4P Ch. 21.5C - Prob. 21.7P Ch. 21.6 - When ethyl 4-hydroxybutyrate is heated in the...Ch. 21.6 - Propose a mechanism for the following ring-opening...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 21.15P Ch. 21.7B - Prob. 21.16P Ch. 21.7C - Prob. 21.19P

Solution Summary: The author proposes a mechanism corresponding to the acid-catalyzed reaction of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride.

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Chapter 21 Solutions