(a) Interpretation: The Δ H 0 for the overall reaction showing oxidation of Li and reduction of H needs to be calculated. The value of E 0 needs to be calculated neglecting the entropy changes. Concept introduction: The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows: Δ G = − n F E Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 78FP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The ΔH0 for the overall reaction showing oxidation of Li and reduction of H needs to be calculated. The value of E0 needs to be calculated neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of E0 needs to be calculated without neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The value of change in Gibbs free energy is related to enthalpy change and entropy change as follows:

ΔG=ΔH−TΔS

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

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3. a. Use the MS to propose at least two possible molecular formulas. For an unknown compound: 101. 27.0 29.0 41.0 50.0 52.0 55.0 57.0 100 57.5 58.0 58.5 62.0 63.0 64.0 65.0 74.0 40 75.0 76.0 20 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 m/z 99.5 68564810898409581251883040 115.0 116.0 77404799 17417M 117.0 12.9 118.0 33.5 119.0 36 133 0 1.2 157.0 2.1 159.0 16 169.0 219 170.0 17 171.0 21.6 172.0 17 181.0 1.3 183.0 197.0 100.0 198.0 200. 784 Relative Intensity 2 2 8 ō (ppm) 6 2

Solve the structure and assign each of the following spectra (IR and C-NMR)

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 78FP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The ΔH0 for the overall reaction showing oxidation of Li and reduction of H needs to be calculated. The value of E0 needs to be calculated neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of E0 needs to be calculated without neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The value of change in Gibbs free energy is related to enthalpy change and entropy change as follows:

ΔG=ΔH−TΔS

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 78FP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The ΔH0 for the overall reaction showing oxidation of Li and reduction of H needs to be calculated. The value of E0 needs to be calculated neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of E0 needs to be calculated without neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The value of change in Gibbs free energy is related to enthalpy change and entropy change as follows:

ΔG=ΔH−TΔS

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 21, Problem 78FP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The ΔH0 for the overall reaction showing oxidation of Li and reduction of H needs to be calculated. The value of E0 needs to be calculated neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of E0 needs to be calculated without neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The value of change in Gibbs free energy is related to enthalpy change and entropy change as follows:

ΔG=ΔH−TΔS

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 78FP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The ΔH0 for the overall reaction showing oxidation of Li and reduction of H needs to be calculated. The value of E0 needs to be calculated neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of E0 needs to be calculated without neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The value of change in Gibbs free energy is related to enthalpy change and entropy change as follows:

ΔG=ΔH−TΔS

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 78FP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The ΔH0 for the overall reaction showing oxidation of Li and reduction of H needs to be calculated. The value of E0 needs to be calculated neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 78FP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The ΔH0 for the overall reaction showing oxidation of Li and reduction of H needs to be calculated. The value of E0 needs to be calculated neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of E0 needs to be calculated without neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The value of change in Gibbs free energy is related to enthalpy change and entropy change as follows:

ΔG=ΔH−TΔS

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The value of E0 needs to be calculated without neglecting the entropy changes.

Concept introduction:

The value of change in Gibbs free energy is related to enthalpy change and entropy change as follows:

ΔG=ΔH−TΔS

The electrode potential is related to thermodynamic Gibbs free energy as follows:

ΔG=−nFE

Here, n is number of electrons transferred in the cell reaction, F is Faraday’s constant and E is electrode potential of the cell.

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 21 - Prob. 1E Ch. 21 - Use information from the chapter to write chemical...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3E Ch. 21 - Describe two methods for determining the identity...Ch. 21 - Arrange the following compounds in the expected...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6E Ch. 21 - Prob. 7E Ch. 21 - A lithium battery used in a cardiac pacemaker has...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9E Ch. 21 - Prob. 10E

Solution Summary: The author explains that the electrode potential of the cell is 2.885 V. Li is the smallest alkali metal and cannot be easily oxidized.

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