(a) Interpretation: The structure of Kevlar in polymer notation is to be predicted. Concept introduction: Small molecular units join together to make large chain or three dimensional structures, known as polymers . These small molecular units are known as monomers and they join as such or sometimes with the loss of a small molecule like water. Kevlar polymerization is done by the substitution of chlorine atom of 1 , 4 − benzenedicarbonyl chloride by amino group of 1 , 4 − benzenediamine.

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Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 21, Problem 21.47AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of Kevlar in polymer notation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Small molecular units join together to make large chain or three dimensional structures, known as polymers. These small molecular units are known as monomers and they join as such or sometimes with the loss of a small molecule like water. Kevlar polymerization is done by the substitution of chlorine atom of 1,4− benzenedicarbonyl chloride by amino group of 1,4− benzenediamine.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A few repeating units of two Kevlar chains that shows hydrogen-bond donors and acceptor are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen bonding is weak internal bonding between the molecules. The atoms having lone pair of electrons or high electron density share these electrons partially with adjacent hydrogen. Normally, hydrogen atom is in vicinity of carbons having less electron density. So, the atom sharing its electrons with hydrogen is electron donor and the atom accepting these electrons is known as acceptor.

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There are 48 pairs of students in the following table. Each pair has quantitatively determined the mass of taurine in a 250 mL can of the popular energy drink marketed as “Munster” using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The class results are presented below: QUESTION: Summarise and report these results including an indication of measurement uncertainty. In both calculation samples calculate if an outlier is present, max value, number of samples, mean, standard deviation, g (suspect), g (critical) and t (critical). Mass of Taurine (mg) Mass of Taurine (mg) (Table continued) 152.01 152.23 151.87 151.45 154.11 152.64 152.98 153.24 152.88 151.45 153.49 152.48 150.68 152.33 151.52 153.63 152.48 151.68 153.17 153.40 153.77 153.67 152.34 153.16 152.57 153.02 152.86 151.50 151.23 152.57 152.72 151.54 146.47 152.38 152.44 152.54 152.53 152.54 151.32…

Indicate the rate expressions for reactions that have order 0, 1, and 2.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 21, Problem 21.47AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of Kevlar in polymer notation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Small molecular units join together to make large chain or three dimensional structures, known as polymers. These small molecular units are known as monomers and they join as such or sometimes with the loss of a small molecule like water. Kevlar polymerization is done by the substitution of chlorine atom of 1,4− benzenedicarbonyl chloride by amino group of 1,4− benzenediamine.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A few repeating units of two Kevlar chains that shows hydrogen-bond donors and acceptor are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen bonding is weak internal bonding between the molecules. The atoms having lone pair of electrons or high electron density share these electrons partially with adjacent hydrogen. Normally, hydrogen atom is in vicinity of carbons having less electron density. So, the atom sharing its electrons with hydrogen is electron donor and the atom accepting these electrons is known as acceptor.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 21, Problem 21.47AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of Kevlar in polymer notation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Small molecular units join together to make large chain or three dimensional structures, known as polymers. These small molecular units are known as monomers and they join as such or sometimes with the loss of a small molecule like water. Kevlar polymerization is done by the substitution of chlorine atom of 1,4− benzenedicarbonyl chloride by amino group of 1,4− benzenediamine.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A few repeating units of two Kevlar chains that shows hydrogen-bond donors and acceptor are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen bonding is weak internal bonding between the molecules. The atoms having lone pair of electrons or high electron density share these electrons partially with adjacent hydrogen. Normally, hydrogen atom is in vicinity of carbons having less electron density. So, the atom sharing its electrons with hydrogen is electron donor and the atom accepting these electrons is known as acceptor.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 21, Problem 21.47AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of Kevlar in polymer notation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Small molecular units join together to make large chain or three dimensional structures, known as polymers. These small molecular units are known as monomers and they join as such or sometimes with the loss of a small molecule like water. Kevlar polymerization is done by the substitution of chlorine atom of 1,4− benzenedicarbonyl chloride by amino group of 1,4− benzenediamine.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A few repeating units of two Kevlar chains that shows hydrogen-bond donors and acceptor are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen bonding is weak internal bonding between the molecules. The atoms having lone pair of electrons or high electron density share these electrons partially with adjacent hydrogen. Normally, hydrogen atom is in vicinity of carbons having less electron density. So, the atom sharing its electrons with hydrogen is electron donor and the atom accepting these electrons is known as acceptor.

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Answer 5

Chapter 21, Problem 21.47AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of Kevlar in polymer notation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Small molecular units join together to make large chain or three dimensional structures, known as polymers. These small molecular units are known as monomers and they join as such or sometimes with the loss of a small molecule like water. Kevlar polymerization is done by the substitution of chlorine atom of 1,4− benzenedicarbonyl chloride by amino group of 1,4− benzenediamine.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A few repeating units of two Kevlar chains that shows hydrogen-bond donors and acceptor are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen bonding is weak internal bonding between the molecules. The atoms having lone pair of electrons or high electron density share these electrons partially with adjacent hydrogen. Normally, hydrogen atom is in vicinity of carbons having less electron density. So, the atom sharing its electrons with hydrogen is electron donor and the atom accepting these electrons is known as acceptor.

Answer 6

Chapter 21, Problem 21.47AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of Kevlar in polymer notation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Small molecular units join together to make large chain or three dimensional structures, known as polymers. These small molecular units are known as monomers and they join as such or sometimes with the loss of a small molecule like water. Kevlar polymerization is done by the substitution of chlorine atom of 1,4− benzenedicarbonyl chloride by amino group of 1,4− benzenediamine.

Answer 7

Chapter 21, Problem 21.47AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of Kevlar in polymer notation is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Small molecular units join together to make large chain or three dimensional structures, known as polymers. These small molecular units are known as monomers and they join as such or sometimes with the loss of a small molecule like water. Kevlar polymerization is done by the substitution of chlorine atom of 1,4− benzenedicarbonyl chloride by amino group of 1,4− benzenediamine.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A few repeating units of two Kevlar chains that shows hydrogen-bond donors and acceptor are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen bonding is weak internal bonding between the molecules. The atoms having lone pair of electrons or high electron density share these electrons partially with adjacent hydrogen. Normally, hydrogen atom is in vicinity of carbons having less electron density. So, the atom sharing its electrons with hydrogen is electron donor and the atom accepting these electrons is known as acceptor.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A few repeating units of two Kevlar chains that shows hydrogen-bond donors and acceptor are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

The hydrogen bonding is weak internal bonding between the molecules. The atoms having lone pair of electrons or high electron density share these electrons partially with adjacent hydrogen. Normally, hydrogen atom is in vicinity of carbons having less electron density. So, the atom sharing its electrons with hydrogen is electron donor and the atom accepting these electrons is known as acceptor.

Answer 10

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.1P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.2P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.3P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.4P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.5P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.6P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.7P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.8P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.9P Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the structure of Kevlar in polymer notation.

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Chapter 21 Solutions