Chapter 21, Problem 21.3QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula of calcite mineral has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Minerals:

Metals do not occur in their pure form naturally. Metals can only occur in the form of minerals. A mineral is naturally occurring substance with a wide range of chemical compositions in it.

Chemical formulas:

Chemical formula is the shorthand way to represent the composition of the chemicals in numbers and symbols. The symbols in the chemical formula represent elements that are present in the compound and the numbers represent the number of such elements in the chemical compound.

Explanation of Solution

• Calcite is a carbonate mineral of calcium.
• So, the formula of calcite will have calcium and carbonate chemicals.
• Hence, the chemical formula of calcite is ${\text{CaCO}}_{\text{3}}$.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula of dolomite mineral has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Minerals:

Metals do not occur in their pure form naturally. Metals can only occur in the form of minerals. A mineral is naturally occurring substance with a wide range of chemical compositions in it.

Chemical formulas:

Chemical formula is the shorthand way to represent the composition of the chemicals in numbers and symbols. The symbols in the chemical formula represent elements that are present in the compound and the numbers represent the number of such elements in the chemical compound.

Explanation of Solution

• Dolomite is a carbonate mineral of magnesium.
• So, the formula of dolomite will have magnesium and carbonate chemicals.
• Hence, the chemical formula of dolomite is ${\text{MgCO}}_{\text{3}}$.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula of fluorite mineral has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Minerals:

Metals do not occur in their pure form naturally. Metals can only occur in the form of minerals.  A mineral is naturally occurring substance with a wide range of chemical compositions in it.

Chemical formulas:

Chemical formula is the shorthand way to represent the composition of the chemicals in numbers and symbols.  The symbols in the chemical formula represent elements that are present in the compound and the numbers represent the number of such elements in the chemical compound.

Explanation of Solution

• Fluorite is a halide mineral of calcium.
• The halide in the fluorite mineral is fluorine.
• So, the formula of fluorite will have fluorine and calcium chemicals.
• Hence, the chemical formula of fluorite is ${\text{CaF}}_2$.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula of halite mineral has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Minerals:

Metals do not occur in their pure form naturally. Metals can only occur in the form of minerals. A mineral is naturally occurring substance with a wide range of chemical compositions in it.

Chemical formulas:

Chemical formula is the shorthand way to represent the composition of the chemicals in numbers and symbols.  The symbols in the chemical formula represent elements that are present in the compound and the numbers represent the number of such elements in the chemical compound.

Explanation of Solution

• Halite is a halide mineral of sodium.
• The halide in the halite mineral is chlorine.
• So, the formula of halite will have chlorine and sodium chemicals.
• Hence, the chemical formula of halite is $\text{NaCl}$.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula of corundum mineral has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Minerals:

Metals do not occur in their pure form naturally. Metals can only occur in the form of minerals.  A mineral is naturally occurring substance with a wide range of chemical compositions in it.

Chemical formulas:

Chemical formula is the shorthand way to represent the composition of the chemicals in numbers and symbols.  The symbols in the chemical formula represent elements that are present in the compound and the numbers represent the number of such elements in the chemical compound.

Explanation of Solution

• Corundum is an oxide mineral of aluminium.
• So, the formula of corundum will have oxygen and aluminium chemicals.
• Hence, the chemical formula of corundum is ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}$.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula of magnite mineral has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Minerals:

Metals do not occur in their pure form naturally. Metals can only occur in the form of minerals. A mineral is naturally occurring substance with a wide range of chemical compositions in it.

Chemical formulas:

Chemical formula is the shorthand way to represent the composition of the chemicals in numbers and symbols. The symbols in the chemical formula represent elements that are present in the compound and the numbers represent the number of such elements in the chemical compound.

Explanation of Solution

• Magnite is an oxide mineral of iron.
• So, the formula of magnite will have oxygen and iron chemicals.
• Hence, the chemical formula of magnite is ${\text{Fe}}_3{\text{O}}_4$.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula of beryl mineral has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Minerals:

Metals do not occur in their pure form naturally. Metals can only occur in the form of minerals. A mineral is naturally occurring substance with a wide range of chemical compositions in it.

Chemical formulas:

Chemical formula is the shorthand way to represent the composition of the chemicals in numbers and symbols. The symbols in the chemical formula represent elements that are present in the compound and the numbers represent the number of such elements in the chemical compound.

Explanation of Solution

• Beryl is a silicate mineral of beryllium and aluminium.
• So, the formula of beryl will have silicate, beryllium and aluminium chemicals.
• Silicate is the oxide of silicon.
• Hence, the chemical formula of beryl is ${\text{Be}}_3{\text{Al}}_2{\text{Si}}_6{\text{O}}_{18}$.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula of galena mineral has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Minerals:

Metals do not occur in their pure form naturally. Metals can only occur in the form of minerals. A mineral is naturally occurring substance with a wide range of chemical compositions in it.

Chemical formulas:

Chemical formula is the shorthand way to represent the composition of the chemicals in numbers and symbols. The symbols in the chemical formula represent elements that are present in the compound and the numbers represent the number of such elements in the chemical compound.

Explanation of Solution

• Galena is a sulfide mineral of lead.
• So, the formula of galena will have sulfur and lead chemicals.
• Hence, the chemical formula of galena is $\text{PbS}$.

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula of epsomite mineral has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Minerals:

Metals do not occur in their pure form naturally. Metals can only occur in the form of minerals. A mineral is naturally occurring substance with a wide range of chemical compositions in it.

Chemical formulas:

Chemical formula is the shorthand way to represent the composition of the chemicals in numbers and symbols. The symbols in the chemical formula represent elements that are present in the compound and the numbers represent the number of such elements in the chemical compound.

Explanation of Solution

• Epsomite is a sulfate mineral of magnesium.
• So, the formula of epsomite will have sulfate and magnesium chemicals.
• The formula of sulfate is ${\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$.
• Hence, the chemical formula of epsomite is ${\text{MgSO}}_{\text{4}}{\text{.7H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$.

(j)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical formula of anhydrite mineral has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Minerals:

Metals do not occur in their pure form naturally. Metals can only occur in the form of minerals. A mineral is naturally occurring substance with a wide range of chemical compositions in it.

Chemical formulas:

Chemical formula is the shorthand way to represent the composition of the chemicals in numbers and symbols. The symbols in the chemical formula represent elements that are present in the compound and the numbers represent the number of such elements in the chemical compound.

Explanation of Solution

• Anhydrite is a sulfate mineral of calcium.
• So, the formula of anhydrite will have sulfate and calcium chemicals.
• The formula of sulfate is ${\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$.
• Hence, the chemical formula of anhydrite is ${\text{CaSO}}_{\text{4}}$.