Chapter 21, Problem 21.24EX

To determine

Break-even Point: It refers to a point in the level of operations at which a company experiences its revenues generated is equal to its costs incurred. Thus, when a company reaches at its break-even point, it reports neither an income nor a loss from operations. The formula to calculate the break-even point in sales units is as follows:

$\text{Break-even}\text{point}\text{in}\text{Sales}\left(\text{units}\right)=\frac{\text{Fixed}\text{Costs}}{\text{Contribution}\text{Margin}\text{per}\text{unit}}$

Margin of Safety: It is a measure that shows the probability of decrease in the sales level before a company faces an operating loss or reaches its break-even point. It is expressed in terms of dollars of sales, unit of sales, and percent of current sales. The formula to calculate the margin of safety as a percent of current sales is as follows:

$\text{ Margin}\text{of}\text{Safety}=\frac{\text{Sales}-\text{Sales}\text{at}\text{Break-Even}\text{Point}}{\text{Sales}}$

To explain: the reason to question the validity of the given data.