Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134156415
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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33 A 78-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of a 2-day history of shortness of breath. His respirations are 30/min. Crackles are heard over the
right midclavicular line at the level of the fifth intercostal space. This location most likely corresponds to which of the following?
A) Costal pleura
B) Lingula
C) Main bronchus
D) Middle lobe
E) Upper lobe
Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: Cutting the phrenic nerves will result in (a) air entering the pleural cavity, (b) paralysis of the diaphragm, (c) stimulation of the diaphragmatic reflex, (d) paralysis of the epiglottis.
Under ordinary circumstances, the inflation reflex is initiated by (a) noxious chemicals, (b) the ventral respiratory group, (c) overinflation of the alveoli and bronchioles, (d) the pontine respiratory centers.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 21.1 - Which part of the pharynx houses the pharyngeal...Ch. 21.2 - Which structure seals the larynx when we swallow?Ch. 21.2 - Which structural features of the trachea allow it...Ch. 21.2 - What features of the alveoli and their respiratory...Ch. 21.2 - A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency...Ch. 21.3 - The lungs are perfused by two different...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 8CYUCh. 21.4 - What is the driving force for pulmonary...Ch. 21.4 - What causes the intrapulmonary pressure to...
Ch. 21.4 - What causes the partial vacuum (negative pressure)...Ch. 21.4 - Premature infants often lack adequate surfactant....Ch. 21.5 - Explain why slow, deep breaths ventilate the...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 14CYUCh. 21.6 - You are given a sealed container of water and air....Ch. 21.6 - PO2 in the alveoli is about 56 mm Hg lower than in...Ch. 21.6 - Suppose a patient is receiving oxygen by mask. Are...Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 18CYUCh. 21.7 - What is the relationship between CO2 and pH in the...Ch. 21.7 - The dotted lines in the two graphs below represent...Ch. 21.8 - Which brain stem respiratory area is thought to...Ch. 21.8 - Prob. 22CYUCh. 21.9 - An injured soccer player arrives by ambulance in...Ch. 21.9 - Prob. 24CYUCh. 21.10 - What distinguishes the obstruction in asthma from...Ch. 21 - Cutting the phrenic nerves will result in (a) air...Ch. 21 - Which of the following laryngeal cartilages is/are...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3MCCh. 21 - The detergent-like substance that keeps the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following determines the direction of...Ch. 21 - When the inspiratory muscles contract, (a) the...Ch. 21 - The nutrient blood supply of the lungs is provided...Ch. 21 - Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the...Ch. 21 - Which of the following would not normally be...Ch. 21 - Most oxygen carried in the blood is (a) in...Ch. 21 - Which of the following has the greatest...Ch. 21 - In mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13MCCh. 21 - Prob. 14MCCh. 21 - Damage to which of the following would most likely...Ch. 21 - Prob. 16MCCh. 21 - Trace the route of air from the nares to an...Ch. 21 - (a) Why is it important that the trachea is...Ch. 21 - Briefly explain the anatomical reason why most men...Ch. 21 - The lungs are mostly passageways and elastic...Ch. 21 - Describe the functional relationships between...Ch. 21 - Discuss how airway resistance, lung compliance,...Ch. 21 - (a) Differentiate clearly between minute...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24SAQCh. 21 - (a) Define hyperventilation. (b) If you...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 21 - Barbara Joley was in the bus that was hit...Ch. 21 - Barbara Joley was in the bus that was hit...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 6CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 7CCS
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- 18. The bronchial arteries nourish the tracheobronchial tree down to, and including, which of the following? A. Respiratory bronchioles B. Segmental bronchi C. Terminal bronchioles D. Subsegmental bronchiarrow_forwardYou are called to the scene of a patient with a decreased level of consciousness, snoring respirations, and an intact gag reflex. After manual airway maneuvers, which of the following would be the most appropriate action to maintain correction of the snoring? A) Placement of an OPA B) Placement of a NPA C) Placement of a LMA D) Suctioning the upper airwayarrow_forwardThe right primary bronchus is steeper (i.e. more vertical) and therefore: a) must accommodate the position of the heart b) can conduct more air c) will show greater reduction in wall diameter in an asthma attack d) is more often affected when aspiration of stomach contents occursarrow_forward
- Select the correct statement regarding the Intrapulmonary pressure A) difference of atmospheric and respiratory pressures B) it is always negative C) pressure within the alveoli of the lungs D) pressure in the space between the visceral and parietal pleuraearrow_forwardA 5-year-old child announces to her parents (former A&P students) that she is going to hold her breath until she is allowed to watch more television. The parents are not worried. (a) Explain why the parents are not worried. (b) Explain how the child’s blood carbon dioxide levels and blood hydrogen ion and bicarbonate ion levels change while she is holding her breath.arrow_forwardDescribe the purpose of: (1) surfactant, (2) the ribs, (3) therespiratory membrane, (4) the diaphragm, (5) alveolarmacrophages, and (6) the bronchial artery.arrow_forward
- In both lungs, the surface that is the largest is the (a) costal, (b) mediastinal, (c) inferior (base), (d) superior (apex).arrow_forwardNeed with explanationarrow_forwardA 52-year-old woman comes to the physician because of hoarseness for 2 weeks. On examination, one vocal fold is devied toward the midine and does not abduct during deep inspiration Dysfunction of which of the following laryngeal muscles is the most likely cause of the lack of abduction? A) cricoarytenoid B) Lateral cricoarytenoid C) Posterior cricoarytenoid D) Thyroarylenold E) Transverse arytenoidarrow_forward
- Which of the following landmarks are used to size an oropharyngeal airway properly? A) Tip of the nose to the far portion of the ear B) Corner of the mouth to tip of ear lobe C) Corner of mouth to top of the ear D) Center of the jaw to edge of the eararrow_forwardWhy is the epiglottis important for Swallowing?arrow_forwardGas exchange in the lungs takes place in the (a) alveoli, (b) bronchioles, (c) segmental bronchi, (d) lobar bronchi.arrow_forward
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