
To explain:
The thrifty phenotype hypothesis.
Introduction:

Explanation of Solution
The thrifty phenotype hypothesis suggests that if there is a decrease in the fetal development then it is associated with the chronic condition throughout its life. This means if the environmental conditions are chronic during fetal growth, then it is expected that these conditions are likely to persist in its adult life as well.
To explain:
How thrifty phenotype hypothesis helps to explain the long-term effects of famine on people conceived during the Dutch Hunger Winter.
Introduction:
The thrifty phenotype hypothesis proposes that a reduction in the fetal development of an individual is most often associated with the chronic condition throughout his life.

Explanation of Solution
The thrifty phenotype hypothesis explains the long-term effects of famine (extreme scarcity of food) on the people who were conceived during the Dutch Hunger Winter. These effects occur due to the epigenetic changes in the genome of the people.
According to the thrifty phenotype hypothesis, if the environmental conditions are poor during the fetal development then these conditions are usually present in its adult life as well. Various studies have shown these individuals who are now adults experienced the caloric restriction while in the womb during the famine that had life-long consequences. For example – a man and women who conceived and underwent early fetal development during famine were likely to increase the susceptibility of adopting conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension.
Hence, a person who conceived during famine was likely to increase the susceptibility of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hypertension. In this way thrifty phenotype hypothesis helps to explain the long-term effects of famine on the people who were conceived during the Dutch Hunger Winter.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Genetics: A Conceptual Approach
- If PCR was performed on the fragment of DNA shown below using "5'-TAGG-3" and "3'-TCTA-5'" as the primers, how many base pairs long would the PCR product be? To help with this, remember the antiparallel structure of DNA and that primers are complementary and antiparallel to the target sequence that they bind to. Hint: Check out the 5' and 3' labels....they are important! 3’- T A T C C G A C A A T C G A T C G A T T G C C T T C T A A -5’ 5’- A T A G G C T G T T A G C T A G C T A A C G G A A G A T T – 3’arrow_forwardWhen setting up a PCR reaction to act as a negative control for the surface protein A gene... Which primers will you add to the reaction mix? mecA primers, spa primers, mecA primers and spa primers, no primers What will you add in place of template? sterile water, MRSA DNA, Patient DNA, S. aureus DNAarrow_forwardDraft a science fair project for a 11 year old based on the human body, specifically the liverarrow_forward
- You generate a transgenic mouse line with a lox-stop-lox sequence upstream of a dominant-negative Notch fused to GFP. Upon crossing this mouse with another mouse line expressing ectoderm-specific Cre, what would you expect for the phenotype of neuronal differentiation in the resulting embryos?arrow_forwardHair follicle formation is thought to result from a reaction-diffusion mechanism with Wnt and its antagonist Dkk1. How is Dkk1 regulated by Wnt? Describe specific cis-regulatory elements and the net effect on Dkk1 expression.arrow_forwardLimetown S1E4 Transcript: E n 2025SP-BIO-111-PSNT1: Natu X Natural Selection in insects X + newconnect.mheducation.com/student/todo CA NATURAL SELECTION NATURAL SELECTION IN INSECTS (HARDY-WEINBERG LAW) INTRODUCTION LABORATORY SIMULATION A Lab Data Is this the correct allele frequency? Is this the correct genotype frequency? Is this the correct phenotype frequency? Total 1000 Phenotype Frequency Typica Carbonaria Allele Frequency 9 P 635 823 968 1118 1435 Color Initial Frequency Light 0.25 Dark 0.75 Frequency Gs 0.02 Allele Initial Allele Frequency Gs Allele Frequency d 0.50 0 D 0.50 0 Genotype Frequency Moths Genotype Color Moths Released Initial Frequency Frequency G5 Number of Moths Gs NC - Xarrow_forward
- Which of the following is not a sequence-specific DNA binding protein? 1. the catabolite-activated protein 2. the trp repressor protein 3. the flowering locus C protein 4. the flowering locus D protein 5. GAL4 6. all of the above are sequence-specific DNA binding proteinsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a DNA binding protein? 1. the lac repressor protein 2. the catabolite activated protein 3. the trp repressor protein 4. the flowering locus C protein 5. the flowering locus D protein 6. GAL4 7. all of the above are DNA binding proteinsarrow_forwardWhat symbolic and cultural behaviors are evident in the archaeological record and associated with Neandertals and anatomically modern humans in Europe beginning around 35,000 yBP (during the Upper Paleolithic)?arrow_forward
- Describe three cranial and postcranial features of Neanderthals skeletons that are likely adaptation to the cold climates of Upper Pleistocene Europe and explain how they are adaptations to a cold climate.arrow_forwardBiology Questionarrow_forward✓ Details Draw a protein that is embedded in a membrane (a transmembrane protein), label the lipid bilayer and the protein. Identify the areas of the lipid bilayer that are hydrophobic and hydrophilic. Draw a membrane with two transporters: a proton pump transporter that uses ATP to generate a proton gradient, and a second transporter that moves glucose by secondary active transport (cartoon-like is ok). It will be important to show protons moving in the correct direction, and that the transporter that is powered by secondary active transport is logically related to the proton pump.arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education





