Chapter 21, Problem 1CONQ

What is a recombinant microorganism? Discuss examples.

Summary Introduction

To review:

Recombinant microorganism with examples.

Introduction:

Microorganisms are organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye. Microorganisms are very important for mankind as, they perform various reactions that are important in daily life like: milk is converted into curd by lactic acid bacteria, production of beer and many more.

Explanation of Solution

Recombinant microorganisms are organisms that have differences in their alleles from either of the parent. These microorganisms have DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that is manipulated in a laboratory and is then placed back in to the microorganism.

The first step in the formation of recombinant microorganisms is the identification of the suitable microorganism and then with the help of the method of gene transfer, the required gene is transferred in the microorganism. Once it is incorporated with microbial DNA and expresses itself, it is termed as a recombinant microorganism.

Recombinant microorganisms are used in various processes like, production of insulin by Escherichia coli, Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used as a recombinant in preventing plants from disease, Psuedomonas are used as oil eaters and prevent losses from oil spill. Microorganisms are also used as biocontrol agents. For example: Bacillus thuringiensis.

Conclusion

Therefore, it can be concluded that recombinant microorganisms are organisms whose DNA is manipulated in vitro. These microorganisms are used to synthesize human gene products like, insulin. They are also used as control agents like, Bacillus thuringiensis.