a) Interpretation: The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified. Concept introduction: Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Grignard reagents will add on to the triple bond in nitriles. To identify: The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Question

Complete the following esterification reaction by drawing the structural formula of the product formed. HOH HO i catalyst catalyst OH HO (product has rum flavor) (product has orange flavor)

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Grignard reagents will add on to the triple bond in nitriles.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols and not to alkanes by LiAlH₄.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Tertiary alcohols get dehydrate to yield alkenes when treated with aqueous acids.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

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Complete the following esterification reaction by drawing the structural formula of the product formed. HOH HO i catalyst catalyst OH HO (product has rum flavor) (product has orange flavor)

The statements in the tables below are about two different chemical equilibria. The symbols have their usual meaning, for example AG stands for the standard Gibbs free energy of reaction and K stands for the equilibrium constant. In each table, there may be one statement that is faise because it contradicts the other three statements. If you find a false statement, check the box next to t Otherwise, check the "no false statements" box under the table. statement false? AG"1 no false statements: statement false? AG-0 0 InK-0 0 K-1 0 AH-TAS no false statements 2

Complete the following esterification reactions by drawing the line formulas of the carboxylic acid and alcohol required to form the ester shown. catalyst catalyst catalyst apricot fragrance

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Grignard reagents will add on to the triple bond in nitriles.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols and not to alkanes by LiAlH₄.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Tertiary alcohols get dehydrate to yield alkenes when treated with aqueous acids.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Grignard reagents will add on to the triple bond in nitriles.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols and not to alkanes by LiAlH₄.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Tertiary alcohols get dehydrate to yield alkenes when treated with aqueous acids.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Grignard reagents will add on to the triple bond in nitriles.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols and not to alkanes by LiAlH₄.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Tertiary alcohols get dehydrate to yield alkenes when treated with aqueous acids.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Grignard reagents will add on to the triple bond in nitriles.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols and not to alkanes by LiAlH₄.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Tertiary alcohols get dehydrate to yield alkenes when treated with aqueous acids.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Answer 6

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Grignard reagents will add on to the triple bond in nitriles.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Answer 7

Chapter 20.SE, Problem 59AP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Grignard reagents will add on to the triple bond in nitriles.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols and not to alkanes by LiAlH₄.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols and not to alkanes by LiAlH₄.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Tertiary alcohols get dehydrate to yield alkenes when treated with aqueous acids.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkyl halides when treated with cyanides yield nitriles which upon hydrolysis give carboxylic acids. Tertiary alcohols get dehydrate to yield alkenes when treated with aqueous acids.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 23

Ch. 20.1 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 20.1 - Draw structures corresponding to the following...Ch. 20.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 20.2 - The Ka for dichloroacetic acid is 3.32 Ă— 10-2....Ch. 20.3 - Calculate the percentages of dissociated and...Ch. 20.4 - Which would you expect to be a stronger acid, the...Ch. 20.4 - Dicarboxylic acids have two dissociation...Ch. 20.4 - The pKa of p-cyclopropylbenzoic acid is 4.45. Is...Ch. 20.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 20.5 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the flaw in the synthetic scheme is that when reduced with LiAlH4, carboxyl group is converted into a primary alcohol.

b)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols and not to alkanes by LiAlH₄.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Chapter 20 Solutions

Solution Summary: The author explains that the flaw in the synthetic scheme is that when reduced with LiAlH4, carboxyl group is converted into a primary alcohol.

b) Interpretation: The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified. Concept introduction: Carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols and not to alkanes by LiAlH4. To identify: The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.

Chapter 20 Solutions

b)

Interpretation:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given is to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acids are reduced to alcohols and not to alkanes by LiAlH₄.

To identify:

The flaw in the synthetic scheme given.