a) (CH 3 ) 3 C CO 2 H from (CH 3 ) 3 CCl Interpretation: How (CH 3 ) 3 COOH can be prepared from (CH 3 ) 3 CCl is to be shown. Concept introduction: The alkyl halide is converted into a Grignard reagent by treatment with Mg in ether. The Grignard reagent when treated with CO 2 followed by hydrolysis yield carboxylic acid . To show: How to prepare (CH 3 ) 3 COOH from (CH 3 ) 3 CCl.

Question

A solution contains 0.097 M Ce3+, 1.55x10-3 M Ce4+, 1.55x10-3 M Mn2+, 0.097 M MnO4-, and 1.00 M HClO4 (F= 9.649 x 104 C/mol). a) Write a balanced net reaction that can occur between species in this solution. b) Calculate deltaG0 and K for the reaction. c) Calculate E and deltaG for the conditions given. Ce4+ + e- = Ce3+ E0= 1.70 V MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- = Mn2+ + 4H2O E0= 1.507 V

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20.5, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

a) (CH₃)₃C CO₂H from (CH₃)₃CCl

Interpretation:

How (CH₃)₃COOH can be prepared from (CH₃)₃CCl is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The alkyl halide is converted into a Grignard reagent by treatment with Mg in ether. The Grignard reagent when treated with CO₂ followed by hydrolysis yield carboxylic acid.

To show:

How to prepare (CH₃)₃COOH from (CH₃)₃CCl.

Interpretation Introduction

b) CH₃CH₂CH₂CO₂H from CH₃CH₂CH₂Br

Interpretation:

How CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH can be prepared from CH₃CH₂CH₂Br is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The displacement of bromine in the alkyl halide by a cyanide group and the hydrolysis of the nitrile obtained will yield the acid required.

To show:

How to prepare CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH from CH₃CH₂CH₂Br.

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A solution contains 0.097 M Ce3+, 1.55x10-3 M Ce4+, 1.55x10-3 M Mn2+, 0.097 M MnO4-, and 1.00 M HClO4 (F= 9.649 x 104 C/mol). a) Write a balanced net reaction that can occur between species in this solution. b) Calculate deltaG0 and K for the reaction. c) Calculate E and deltaG for the conditions given. Ce4+ + e- = Ce3+ E0= 1.70 V MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- = Mn2+ + 4H2O E0= 1.507 V

1. Provide a step-by-step mechanism for formation of ALL STEREOISOMERS in the following reaction. Na HCO3 (Sodium bicarbonate, baking soda) is not soluble in CH2Cl2. The powder is a weak base used to neutralize strong acid (pKa < 0) produced by the reaction. Redraw the product to show the configuration(s) that form at C-2 and C-4. Br2 OH CH2Cl2 Na* HCO3 Br HO OH + Na Br +

2. Specify the solvent and reagent(s) required to carry out each of the following FGI. If two reagent sets must be used for the FGI, specify the solvent and reagent(s) for each reagent set. If a reaction cannot be carried out with reagents (sets) class, write NP (not possible) in the solvent box for reagent set #1. Use the letter abbreviation for each solvent; use a number abbreviation for reagent(s). Solvents: CH2Cl2 (A); H₂O (B); Reagents: HBr (1); R₂BH (6); H2SO4 (2); CH3OH (C); Br₂ (3); CH3CO₂H (D) NaHCO3 (4); Hg(OAc)2 (5); H₂O2/HO (7); NaBH4 (8) Reagent Set #1 Reagent Set #2 FGI + enant OH Solvent Reagent(s) Solvent Reagent(s)

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20.5, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

a) (CH₃)₃C CO₂H from (CH₃)₃CCl

Interpretation:

How (CH₃)₃COOH can be prepared from (CH₃)₃CCl is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The alkyl halide is converted into a Grignard reagent by treatment with Mg in ether. The Grignard reagent when treated with CO₂ followed by hydrolysis yield carboxylic acid.

To show:

How to prepare (CH₃)₃COOH from (CH₃)₃CCl.

Interpretation Introduction

b) CH₃CH₂CH₂CO₂H from CH₃CH₂CH₂Br

Interpretation:

How CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH can be prepared from CH₃CH₂CH₂Br is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The displacement of bromine in the alkyl halide by a cyanide group and the hydrolysis of the nitrile obtained will yield the acid required.

To show:

How to prepare CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH from CH₃CH₂CH₂Br.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20.5, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

a) (CH₃)₃C CO₂H from (CH₃)₃CCl

Interpretation:

How (CH₃)₃COOH can be prepared from (CH₃)₃CCl is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The alkyl halide is converted into a Grignard reagent by treatment with Mg in ether. The Grignard reagent when treated with CO₂ followed by hydrolysis yield carboxylic acid.

To show:

How to prepare (CH₃)₃COOH from (CH₃)₃CCl.

Interpretation Introduction

b) CH₃CH₂CH₂CO₂H from CH₃CH₂CH₂Br

Interpretation:

How CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH can be prepared from CH₃CH₂CH₂Br is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The displacement of bromine in the alkyl halide by a cyanide group and the hydrolysis of the nitrile obtained will yield the acid required.

To show:

How to prepare CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH from CH₃CH₂CH₂Br.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 20.5, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction