Chapter 20.4, Problem 9P

Interpretation Introduction

a) Benzoic acid, p-methylbenzoic acid and p-chlorobenzoic acid

Interpretation:

Benzoic acid, p-methylbenzoic acid and p-chlorobenzoic acid are to be ranked in the order of their increasing acidity.

Concept introduction:

Electron withdrawing groups present on the benzene ring increase the acidity of the acids while electron releasing groups present on the benzene ring decrease the acidity of the acids.

To rank:

Benzoic acid, p-methylbenzoic acid and p-chlorobenzoic acid in the order of their increasing acidity.

Interpretation Introduction

b) p- Nitrobenzoic acid, acetic acid and benzoic acid

Interpretation:

p- Nitrobenzoic acid, acetic acid and benzoic acid are to be ranked in the order of their increasing acidity.

Concept introduction:

Electron withdrawing groups present on the benzene ring increase the acidity of the acids while electron releasing groups present on the benzene ring decrease the acidity of the acids.

To rank:

p- Nitrobenzoic acid, acetic acid and benzoic acid in the order of their increasing acidity.