Chapter 20.10, Problem 44AYP

Summary Introduction

(a)

Todescribe:

The ways in which the nervous system detects and responds to a decrease in blood pressure.

Introduction:

Blood pressure is the pressure of blood exerted on the walls of the vessels. More salt content present in the blood, higher will be the blood pressure and vice versa. Diabetes, high cholesterol, and stress are some of the causes of high blood pressure. Diuretics are also used in lowering high blood pressure.

Summary Introduction

(b)

To describe:

The ways in which the nervous system detects and responds to an increase in blood carbon dioxide level.

Introduction:

Nervous system is a network of nerve cells that have occupied the whole body. The nervous system consisted of the brain, spinal cord, and all the nerves that connect these organs to the whole body.

Summary Introduction

(c)

To describe:

The ways in which the nervous system detects and responds to a decrease in blood pH.

Introduction:

The pH of a solution is measured by the amount of H+ ions present in it. The solutions with more H+ ions have a lower pH while the solutions with less H+ ions have high pH. Any increase in the concentration of H+ ions decreases the pH. However, the decrease in the concentration of H+ ions increases the pH.

Summary Introduction

(d)

To describe:

The ways in which the nervous system detects and responds to a decrease in blood oxygen level.

Introduction:

The circulatory system is composed of many blood vessels that carry blood from one body part to another. Arteries are the blood vessels that transport oxygenated blood across the body.