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(a)
Interpretation: The positive factors and concerns of the technique fracking should be given.
Concept introduction:
Fracking or Hydraulic fracturing: The process is a high pressure technique and it is proved to be an unconventional natural gas technology. Using a high pressurized liquid, cracks are created in the rocks which results in the ejection of natural gas and oil.
(b)
Interpretation: The use of ethanol as a fuel is whether a wise choice should be explained. The arguments for and against for this has to be listed.
Concept introduction:
Different forms of energy sources: Renewable energy source and Non-renewable energy source.
Renewable energy resources: The resources which occur by natural process and can be recyclable or replaced. They will be much useful to human beings.
Non-renewable energy resources: The resources which are once used and which cannot be available again within a given amount of time. Energy derived from fossil fuel is an example for non-renewable resource.
Water, food and air are the major examples for renewable energy resources. The use of renewable sources contributes less pollution in the atmosphere and this is the reason for their increase use. Ethanol in gasoline is a renewable form of energy.
Gasoline, coal, diesel, fossil fuel, plastic.. are examples for non-renewable energy resources. The major disadvantages of these resources are they are not renewed and cannot be recycled.
(c)
Interpretation: The development of electric cars and cars using natural gas should be encouraged or not. The advantages and disadvantages to owning this cars has to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Different forms of energy sources: Renewable energy source and Non-renewable energy source.
Renewable energy resources: The resources which occur by natural process and can be recyclable or replaced. They will be much useful to human beings.
Non-renewable energy resources: The resources which are once used and which cannot be available again within a given amount of time. Energy derived from fossil fuel is an example for non-renewable resource.
Water, food and air are the major examples for renewable energy resources. The use of renewable sources contributes less pollution in the atmosphere and this is the reason for their increase use. Ethanol in gasoline is a renewable form of energy.
Gasoline, coal, diesel, fossil fuel, plastic.. are examples for non-renewable energy resources. The major disadvantages of these resources are they are not renewed and cannot be recycled.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Bundle: Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Loose-Leaf Version, 9th + OWLv2, 4 terms (24 Months) Printed Access Card
- Given a system with an anodic overpotential, the variation of η as a function of current density- at low fields is linear.- at higher fields, it follows Tafel's law.Calculate the range of current densities for which the overpotential has the same value when calculated for both cases (the maximum relative difference will be 5%, compared to the behavior for higher fields).arrow_forwardUsing reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition Consider the following equilibrium: N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) = 2NH3 (g) AGº = -34. KJ Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 8.06 atm of nitrogen (N2) and 2.58 atm of ammonia (NH3) at 106. °C. Answer the following questions about this system: rise Under these conditions, will the pressure of N2 tend to rise or fall? ☐ x10 fall Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding H₂? In other words, if you said the pressure of N2 will tend to rise, can that be changed to a tendency to fall by adding H2? Similarly, if you said the pressure of N will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to rise by adding H₂? If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate the minimum pressure of H₂ needed to reverse it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. yes no ☐ atm Х ด ? olo 18 Ararrow_forwardFour liters of an aqueous solution containing 6.98 mg of acetic acid were prepared. At 25°C, the measured conductivity was 5.89x10-3 mS cm-1. Calculate the degree of dissociation of the acid and its ionization constant.Molecular weights: O (15.999), C (12.011), H (1.008).Limiting molar ionic conductivities (λ+0 and λ-0) of Ac-(aq) and H+(aq): 40.9 and 349.8 S cm-2 mol-1.arrow_forward
- Determine the change in Gibbs energy, entropy, and enthalpy at 25°C for the battery from which the data in the table were obtained.T (°C) 15 20 25 30 35Eo (mV) 227.13 224.38 221.87 219.37 216.59Data: n = 1, F = 96485 C mol–1arrow_forwardIndicate the correct options.1. The units of the transport number are Siemens per mole.2. The Siemens and the ohm are not equivalent.3. The Van't Hoff factor is dimensionless.4. Molar conductivity does not depend on the electrolyte concentration.arrow_forwardIdeally nonpolarizable electrodes can1. participate as reducers in reactions.2. be formed only with hydrogen.3. participate as oxidizers in reactions.4. form open and closed electrochemical systems.arrow_forward
- Indicate the options for an electrified interface:1. Temperature has no influence on it.2. Not all theories that describe it include a well-defined electrical double layer.3. Under favorable conditions, its differential capacitance can be determined with the help of experimental measurements.4. A component with high electronic conductivity is involved in its formation.arrow_forwardTo describe the structure of the interface, there are theories or models that can be distinguished by:1. calculation of the charge density.2. distribution of ions in the solution.3. experimentally measured potential difference.4. external Helmoltz plane.arrow_forwardIndicate the correct options when referring to Luther's equation:1. It is not always easy to compare its results with experimental results.2. It depends on the number of electrons exchanged in the species involved.3. Its foundation is thermodynamic.4. The values calculated with it do not depend on temperature.arrow_forward
- Indicate which of the unit options correspond to a measurement of current density.1. A s m-22. mC s-1 m-23. Ω m-24. V J-1 m-2arrow_forwardIndicate the options that are true when referring to electrode membranes:1. The Donnan potential, in general, does not always intervene in membranes.2. There are several ways to classify the same membrane.3. Any membrane can be used to determine the pH of a solution.4. Only one solution and one membrane are needed to determine the pH of that solution.arrow_forwardCalculate the maximum volume of carbon dioxide gasarrow_forward
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