Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The relationship between restriction enzymes, hybridization, electrophoresis, and gene cloning has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
The recombinant gene technology involves the synthesis of DNA hybrids with the use of restriction enzymes or endonucleases. After digestion with endonucleases, the fragments thus separated are analyzed by electrophoresis. The DNA cloning tools are essential for gene cloning and are developed during the recombinant DNA studies.
(b)
Interpretation:
The relationship between the components of DNA (nitrogenous bases, 2′-deoxyribose, and phosphoryl groups) and the three-dimensional structure of the DNA molecules have to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Each nucleotide consists of sugar that is either ribose or deoxyribose, one of the nitrogenous bases, and one or more phosphoryl groups. The only difference is the presence of hydrogen atom at the 2’ position in case of deoxyribose compared to ribose.
The nucleotide that contains the ribose sugar is termed as ribonucleotide while the one that has deoxyribose sugar is termed as deoxyribonucleotide. DNA is a
(c)
Interpretation:
The relationship of the sequences of nucleotides in a DNA molecule and the sequence of amino acids in a protein has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Proteins are considered the most abundant macromolecules in the cell. Proteins, carbohydrate, and fat are an energy source in the diet. They can be oxidized to provide energy to the body. Also, amino acids are generated in the digestion process of proteins. These amino acids are used in the biosynthesis of new cellular protein and many important nitrogen compounds such as heme group, DNA, RNA.
DNA is a polymer of nucleotides and consist of deoxyribose sugar unit. Each nucleotide consists of sugar that is either ribose or deoxyribose, one of the nitrogenous bases, and one or more phosphoryl groups. The genetic code illustrates all the possible codons along with the amino acids they code for.

Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 20 Solutions
GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIOCHEMISTRY(LL)-PKG
- For the condensation reaction between Alamine and histamine, please help me write the amididation reaction mechanism. Then write the three letter code for the product of the reaction, then write the one letter code for the product of the reaction. arrow_forwardHow to draw the reaction mechasnism belowarrow_forwardName the following molecules with IUpacarrow_forward
- What is the molecular orbital for cyclopropenyl anion and is it aromatic, antiaromatic or nonaromatic?arrow_forwardUsing the chart describe the change from cystine to tyrosine and its impact on the protein. Using the chart describe the change from histidine to aspartic acid and its impact on the protein.arrow_forwardHow to get the predicted product of this reaction belowarrow_forward
- Please help me fill out the chart then using the chart describe the change from cystine to tyrosine and its impact on the protein. Then using the chart describe the change from histidine to aspartic acid.arrow_forwardWrite the Esterification reaction mechanism for acetic acid, and one propanol to make propanol ethanoate (molecule that gives peas its odor in flavor)arrow_forwardProvide solutionsarrow_forward
- Which of these compounds is Ester formed from the reaction of acetic acid and one propanol arrow_forwardDescribe the four labeled parts of the reaction diagram from the reaction of sucrose, breaking down with and without an enzyme.arrow_forwardHow to determine the product with mechanism showedarrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





