Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 20, Problem 3CT
Summary Introduction
To explain: The mechanism of penicillin action in halting binary fission in bacteria.
Concept introduction: Bacteria propagate by binary fission which is a mode of asexual reproduction that involves splitting of the cell into two viable cells. Penicillin is the antibiotic that is widely used against gram-positive bacteria. It goes with the beta-lactam family primarily known for the inhibition of growth in the bacterial cells and ultimately ends in killing the bacteria. Penicillin specifically interrupts the peptidoglycan synthesis that is a principle component of the bacterial cell wall.
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The antibiotic penicillin interferes with synthesis of the peptidoglycan, an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. Bacteria treated with penicillin cannot reproduce. Explain how penicillin halts binary fission.
Describe the process of binary fission in bacteria
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Chapter 20 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 20 - Prob. 1SQCh. 20 - Prob. 2SQCh. 20 - Prob. 3SQCh. 20 - Prob. 4SQCh. 20 - __________ do not reproduce sexually. a....Ch. 20 - Prob. 6SQCh. 20 - Adapting to Host Defenses Surface proteins called...Ch. 20 - Prob. 2DAACh. 20 - Prob. 3DAACh. 20 - Adapting to Host Defenses Surface proteins called...
Ch. 20 - Prob. 7SQCh. 20 - Bacteria that serve as decomposers are ___ . a....Ch. 20 - Prob. 9SQCh. 20 - Formation of a(n) ___ allows some soil bacteria to...Ch. 20 - Prob. 11SQCh. 20 - Prob. 12SQCh. 20 - Which of these diseases is caused by bacteria? a....Ch. 20 - Prob. 14SQCh. 20 - Prob. 15SQCh. 20 - If a cut or scrape becomes infected,...Ch. 20 - The adenoviruses that cause colds do not have a...Ch. 20 - Prob. 3CTCh. 20 - Prob. 4CT
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- A clinical microbiologist is studying a microbe that can cause infections and gastrointestinal disease in humans, and which can also survive and reproduce in mice. A dormant cyst form of the microbe infects human hosts through fecal-oral transmission if they come in contact with mouse droppings and don’t wash their hands before eating. The organism grows in long filaments when grown at 20-28 deg C, and forms round/ovoid cells when grown at temperatures above 28 deg C. Sexual reproduction (fusion of haploid gametes) occurs in both humans and mice. A cell wall is present, and cells contain nuclei. This microbe could be which of the following? Bacterium Fungus Virus Protozoanarrow_forwardIn Spirogyra, some cells in one of the two filaments become empty after conjugation. Give reason.arrow_forwardDescribe why a biofilm is so resistant and able to withstand standard antibiotics. What specifically makes a biofilm so difficult to kill? Explain the process of binary fission and how it differs from eukaryotic cell divison.arrow_forward
- An infectious disease research group is studying a microbe that can cause infections and gastrointestinal disease in humans, and which can also survive and reproduce in hamsters. A dormant cyst form of the microbe infects human hosts through fecal-oral transmission if they come in contact with hamster droppings and don’t wash their hands before eating. The organism exhibits active, motile morphological forms at other stages of its life cycle. Sexual reproduction (fusion of haploid gametes) occurs in the hamsters; only asexual reproduction occurs in humans. It has a nucleus, but does NOT have a cell wall. This microbe could be which of the following? Protozoan Fungus Bacterium Virusarrow_forwardDifferentiate binary fission of bacteria and budding of yeast.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is TRUE? Log cell numbers 1 Time a) The generation time for bacteria is usually the same from species to species. b) In the lag phase, cell death exceeds cell division. c) Bacteria typically divide by budding, producing a daughter cell that is smaller than the parental cell. d) In the death phase, bacterial growth stops because of nutrient depletion and waste accumulation.arrow_forward
- The most interesting bacterial group according to Dr. Bragg would be: The Deltaproteobacteria The Firmicutes O The Gammaproteobacteria O The Cyanobacteria All of the following are true statements about events that occur in the apicomplexan life cycle EXCEPT: All of these statements are true. O the sporozoite is the motile infective stage often two completely different organisms host different stages of the life cycle the life cycles include both sexual and asexual stagesarrow_forwardUnder the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of the eukaryotic cell. The ancestor of mitochondria and chloroplasts original became part of mutualism with a larger host cell. Which of the following best explains this mutualism? A) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided specialized reproduction as part of the proto-germ line while the larger host cell provided energy for growth and reproduction. B) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided gene products that could be used by the larger host cell for improved parasitization. C) The mitochondria and chloroplasts provided molecular energy in return for protection by the larger host cell. D) The mitochondria and chloroplasts produce toxins that the larger cell utilized to defend itself from other cells mutually increasing the defense of all those involved.arrow_forwardWhich of the following describe prokaryotes? a) usually have a circular chromosome b) typically have multiple chromosomes c) are usually diploid d) none of the abovearrow_forward
- Explain the following terms lysozyme (bacteria), cellulase (plant cells), chitinase (fungus).arrow_forwardNumber of Bacteria X Temperature (°C) At the After 1 After 2 After 3 beginning day days days 6. 8. 12 15 48 187 15 27 126 678 (a) What is the relationship between the temperature and the rate at which the Bacteria X reproduces? (b) When the number of Bacteria X increases, it causes food to turn bad and cannot be eaten. Based on the results above, what can Rose do to preserve food for a longer period of time? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardWhich of the following structures is most likely missing in a bacterium that regenerates from an endospore lacking any of the plasmids from the original cell? Oa chromosome water in its cytoplasm antibiotic-resistant genes a cell wallarrow_forward
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