Chapter 20, Problem 39E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The voltaic cell representation, anode and cathode reactions, the electrons flow and half reactions should be discussed.

Concept introduction: Oxidation happens when an atom loses its electrons; it undergoes oxidation which is an increase in the charge. There are three conditions for oxidation:

   1. Addition of oxygen.

   2. Removal of hydrogen.

   3. Loss of electrons.

Reduction happens when an atom gains electrons and has a decrease in oxidation state which decreases the charge on the atom. There are three conditions of reduction:

   1. Removal of oxygen.

   2. Addition of hydrogen.

   3. Gain of electrons.

Redox reactions are the reactions in which oxidation and reduction both takes place simultaneously.

Cell reaction consists of anode and cathode which is divided by a salt bridge.

At anode: oxidation takes place.

At cathode: reduction takes place.

Electrons flow from anode to cathode.

Voltaic cell is an electrochemical cell in which chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.

To write: The voltaic cell reaction, anode and cathode reaction, and the direction of electron flow.