The synthesis of compound, β − aminopropanoic acid from succinic anhydride is to be shown. Concept Introduction: Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair. Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair. Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive. Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction. Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction. Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules. The reaction of amides with bromine in a basic medium, followed by the removal of the carbonate ion from the system, results in the formation of amine as a product. Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group ( − NH 2 ) . They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions. Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 37P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of compound, β− aminopropanoic acid from succinic anhydride is to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

The reaction of amides with bromine in a basic medium, followed by the removal of the carbonate ion from the system, results in the formation of amine as a product.

Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group (−NH2).

They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions.

Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.

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Select the stronger base from each pair of compounds. (a) H₂CNH₂ or EtzN (b) CI or NH2 NH2 (c) .Q or EtzN (d) or (e) N or (f) H or H

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b. H3C CH3 H3O+ ✓ H OH

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 37P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of compound, β− aminopropanoic acid from succinic anhydride is to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

The reaction of amides with bromine in a basic medium, followed by the removal of the carbonate ion from the system, results in the formation of amine as a product.

Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group (−NH2).

They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions.

Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 37P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of compound, β− aminopropanoic acid from succinic anhydride is to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

The reaction of amides with bromine in a basic medium, followed by the removal of the carbonate ion from the system, results in the formation of amine as a product.

Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group (−NH2).

They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions.

Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 20, Problem 37P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of compound, β− aminopropanoic acid from succinic anhydride is to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

The reaction of amides with bromine in a basic medium, followed by the removal of the carbonate ion from the system, results in the formation of amine as a product.

Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group (−NH2).

They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions.

Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.

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Answer 5

Chapter 20, Problem 37P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of compound, β− aminopropanoic acid from succinic anhydride is to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

The reaction of amides with bromine in a basic medium, followed by the removal of the carbonate ion from the system, results in the formation of amine as a product.

Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group (−NH2).

They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions.

Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.

Answer 6

Chapter 20, Problem 37P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of compound, β− aminopropanoic acid from succinic anhydride is to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

The reaction of amides with bromine in a basic medium, followed by the removal of the carbonate ion from the system, results in the formation of amine as a product.

Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group (−NH2).

They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions.

Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.

Answer 7

Chapter 20, Problem 37P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The synthesis of compound, β− aminopropanoic acid from succinic anhydride is to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.

Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.

Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.

Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.

The reaction of amides with bromine in a basic medium, followed by the removal of the carbonate ion from the system, results in the formation of amine as a product.

Amines are the organic compounds that contain an amino group (−NH2).

They can act as nucleophiles and electrophiles in organic reactions.

Amines can be classified into three categories: primary amines, secondary amines, and tertiary amines.

Answer 8

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Answer 9

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Answer 10

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Answer 11

Ch. 20 - Prob. 1PP Ch. 20 - Prob. 2PP Ch. 20 - Practice Problem 20.3 Write a mechanism that...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4PP Ch. 20 - PRACTICE PROBLEM 20.5 Outline a preparation of...Ch. 20 - Prob. 6PP Ch. 20 - Prob. 7PP Ch. 20 - Prob. 8PP Ch. 20 - Prob. 9PP Ch. 20 - Prob. 10PP

Solution Summary: The author describes the steps involved in the synthesis of beta - aminopropanoic acid from succinic anhydride.

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