Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 30CTQ
A blood vessel with a few smooth muscle fibers and connective tissue, and only a very thin tunica extenia conducts blood toward the heart. What type of vessel is this?
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 20 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 20 - Watch this video...Ch. 20 - Listen to this CDC podcast...Ch. 20 - The endothelium is found in the ________. tunica...Ch. 20 - Nervi vasorum control ________. vasoconstriction...Ch. 20 - Closer to the heart, arteries would be expected to...Ch. 20 - Which of the following best describes veins? thick...Ch. 20 - An especially leaky type of capillary found in the...Ch. 20 - In a blood pressure measurement of 110/70, the...Ch. 20 - A healthy elastic artery ________. is compliant...Ch. 20 - Which of the following statements is true? The...
Ch. 20 - Slight vasodilation in an arteriole prompts a...Ch. 20 - Venoconstriction increases which of the following?...Ch. 20 - Hydrostatic pressure is ________. greater than...Ch. 20 - Net filtration pressure is calculated by ________....Ch. 20 - Which of the following statements is true? In one...Ch. 20 - Clusters of neurons in the medulla oblongata that...Ch. 20 - In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism,...Ch. 20 - In the myogenic response, ________. muscle...Ch. 20 - A form of circulatory shock common in young...Ch. 20 - The coronary arteries branch off of the ________....Ch. 20 - Which of the following statements is true? The...Ch. 20 - Arteries serving the stomach, pancreas, and liver...Ch. 20 - The right and left brachiocephalic veins ________....Ch. 20 - The hepatic portal system delivers blood from the...Ch. 20 - Blood islands are ________. clusters of...Ch. 20 - Which of the following statements is true? Two...Ch. 20 - The ductus venosus is a shunt that allows...Ch. 20 - Arterioles are often referred to as resistance...Ch. 20 - Cocaine use causes vasoconstriction. Is this...Ch. 20 - A blood vessel with a few smooth muscle fibers and...Ch. 20 - You measure a patients blood pressure at 130/85....Ch. 20 - An obese patient comes to the clinic complaining...Ch. 20 - A patient arrives at the emergency department with...Ch. 20 - True or false? The plasma proteins suspended in...Ch. 20 - A patient arrives in the emergency department with...Ch. 20 - Nitric oxide is broken down very quickly after its...Ch. 20 - Identify the ventricle of the heart that pumps...Ch. 20 - What organs do the gonadal veins drain?Ch. 20 - What arteries play the leading roles in supplying...Ch. 20 - All tissues, including malignant tumors, need a...Ch. 20 - Explain the location and importance of the ductus...
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