Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis was isolated from a foot infection of a 40-year-old man. The patient had a chronic diabetes-related foot ulcer and underwent amputation of a gangrenous toe. He subsequently developed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. The infection was treated with vancomycin. One week later, he developed a vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) infection. This is the first case of VRSA in the United States. What is the most likely source of the VRSA?
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 20 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective (8th Edition)
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
SEELEY'S ANATOMY+PHYSIOLOGY
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
- Explain the role of pylori in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers. Which populations are most susceptible to peptic ulcers? Is H. pylori normal flora? If so, what causes the species to become pathogenic? Construct at table to compare and contrast the 5 steps of microbial pathogenesis. How does extracellular growth differ from intracellular growth? Diagram the 5 step pathogenesis cycle for coli O157:H7, an extracellular, intestinal pathogen acquired by consuming contaminated food/water. Be sure to include the role of exoenzymes and the Shiga exotoxin in your diagram. (2 points) Explain the pathogenesis of Listeria monocytogenes. Be sure to include temperature regulation, intracellular growth, and at risk groups in your discussion.arrow_forwardWhy is it difficult for the colon to reestablish a beneficial flora after several antibiotic treatments?arrow_forwardMany antibiotics used in modern medicine are compounds made by fungi that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. Describe the specific effect of the following antimicrobial drugs: (i) Chloramphenicol (ii) Rifamycinarrow_forward
- What are the common pathogens isolated from stool samples? What is the difference between a coliform bacterium and a noncoliform enteric bacterium? What diagnostic test differentiates Proteus and Providencia species from other Enterobacteriaceae? How would you differentiate between serotypes of E. coli? Are the gram-negative enteric bacilli fastidious organisms? Would they survive well outside of the body? If so, what significance would this have in their transmission? Why is serotyping particularly important in Salmonella infections and typhoid fever?arrow_forwardWhat are all the different types of infections the following antibiotic resistant microbes associated with Carbapenme-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA)?arrow_forwardWhile it is true that not all coliforms are pathogenic under normal conditions, please name two situations that can occur due to infection by pathogenic strains.arrow_forward
- A newly admitted patient reports a penicillin allery. The prescriber has ordered a second-eneration cephalosporin as part of the therapy. Which nursin action is appropriate?a) Call the prescriber to clarify the order because of the patient’s allery.b )Give the medication, and monitor for adverse effects.c) Ask the pharmacy to chane the order to a first-eneration cephalosporin.d )Administer the dru with a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory dru to reduce adverse effectsarrow_forwardA child presents with yellow crusting lesions on the arms and legs. It is determined that this is being caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. In what ways is the organism Streptococcus pyogenes different from Staphylococcus aureus?arrow_forwardWhy is it important to seek early treatment for Lymedisease?arrow_forward
- Before development of a vaccine against this microbe, thedisease it caused accounted for two-thirds of bacterial meningi-tis cases during the first year of life but is still the number oneleading cause of mental retardation in patients who survive seri-ous disease due to permanent central nervous system disorders.What is the microorganism?(a) Haemophilus influenzae type B(b) Haemophilus influenzae type A(c) Neisseria meningitidis(d) Streptococcus pneumoniae(e) Listeria monocytogenesarrow_forwardBased on disease syndromes and characteristics, and also on their effect on certain cell cultures and serological groupings, five virulence groups of Escherichia coli are recognized. Briefly distinguish between these virulence groups. [Base your answer on virulence factors, pattern of bacterial attachment to host cells, effects of attachment to host cells, production of toxins, and invasiveness] What will the appearance of Escherichia coli be on MacConkey Agar red and Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar, respectively.arrow_forwardFor each of the following antibiotics, give the spectrum, primary effect and briefly explain the mechanism of action: 1) Penicillins 2) Po1yrrryxin B 3) Vancomycin 4) Tetracyclinsarrow_forward
- Essentials of Pharmacology for Health ProfessionsNursingISBN:9781305441620Author:WOODROWPublisher:Cengage
- Principles Of Radiographic Imaging: An Art And A ...Health & NutritionISBN:9781337711067Author:Richard R. Carlton, Arlene M. Adler, Vesna BalacPublisher:Cengage Learning