Concepts of Biology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168116
Author: Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 20, Problem 13CTQ
Compare grazing and detrital food webs. Why would they both be present in the same ecosystem?
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Explain the difference between a grazing food web and adetrital food web, and give an example of each.
Indentify the correct food web for each question.
Which type of food web cycles materials and moves energy into and out of the community?
Grazing
Which type of food web is dominant in Central Park's forests and pond?
Detrital
Which food web includes humans? Grazing
Design a logical food-web model of the living things in a typical deciduous forest. Producers should form the bottom of the web, with primary consumers and secondary consumers in the middle of the web, and tertiary consumers at the top of the web. Detritivores can be found throughout the web. Draw lines between the organisms that directly interact with each other. Organisms may have more than one line drawn from them or to them. In your model, include the sun, and illustrate how heat is lost as energy transfers from one trophic level to the next.
Producers:
maple tree
dogwood tree
spicebush (flowering shrub)
Jack-in-the-pulpit (flower)
Primary Consumers:
spicebush swallowtail butterfly
honeybee
carpenter ant
Secondary Consumers:
woodpecker
garter snake
flycatcher (inset-eating bird)
Tertiary Consumers:
falcon
screech owl
bobcat
Detritivores:
bacteria
earthworms
flies
fungi
Chapter 20 Solutions
Concepts of Biology
Ch. 20 - Figure 20.12 Which of the following statements...Ch. 20 - Figure 20.28 In which of the following regions...Ch. 20 - Decomposers are associated with which class of...Ch. 20 - The producer in an ocean grazing food web is...Ch. 20 - Which term describes the process whereby toxic...Ch. 20 - The majority of the water found on Earth is: a....Ch. 20 - The process whereby oxygen is depleted by the...Ch. 20 - Which of the following biomes is characterized by...Ch. 20 - Which of the following biomes is characterized by...Ch. 20 - Why is the tundra treeless? a. lack of sufficient...
Ch. 20 - Where would you expect to find the most...Ch. 20 - A key feature of estuaries is a. low light...Ch. 20 - Compare grazing and detrital food webs. Why would...Ch. 20 - Why are drinking water supplies still a major...Ch. 20 - The extremely low precipitation of subtropical...Ch. 20 - In what ways are the subtropical desert and the...Ch. 20 - Describe the conditions and challenges facing...
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- A freshwater lake ecosystem has a total primary production of 20,000 kcal. Zooplankton, which are primary consumers, feed on the phytoplankton. Small fish, which are secondary consumers, feed on the zooplankton. Larger fish, which are tertiary consumers, feed on the small fish. How much energy would be available to the tertiary consumers according to the 10% energy rule? 200 20,000 20 2,000 0 2arrow_forwardA conceptual model representing the role, interaction, reaction, and density of essential ecosystem components is shown below. Examine the model and the relationships between the major players (i.e., predator, prey, producer). The structure's most important role is played by these major players. It's also worth noting that nutrition has been included in the model. This is the abiotic component that has a direct or indirect impact on the interaction. Question: What can be deduced about the center of the circle?arrow_forwardA conceptual model representing the role, interaction, reaction, and density of essential ecosystem components is shown below. Examine the model and the relationships between the major players (i.e., predator, prey, producer). The structure's most important role is played by these major players. It's also worth noting that nutrition has been included in the model. This is the abiotic component that has a direct or indirect impact on the interaction. Question: Why does the organism’s interaction appear in an oscillating pattern? What does it suggest?arrow_forward
- A conceptual model representing the role, interaction, reaction, and density of essential ecosystem components is shown below. Examine the model and the relationships between the major players (i.e., predator, prey, producer). The structure's most important role is played by these major players. It's also worth noting that nutrition has been included in the model. This is the abiotic component that has a direct or indirect impact on the interaction. Question: Based on this scenario, what is the most significant role of sea otters in the marine community? Why it’s important?arrow_forwardThe position of an organism within a food web is described by its trophic level. When modeling energy dynamics of a food web, losses of energy at these different levels produces a pyramid-shaped distribution of available energy. True or False?arrow_forwardA partial meadow food web is shown. Meadow Food Web Hawk Dragonfly Fox Frog Snake Rabbit Ladybug Mouse Aphid Butterfly Bird Berries Grasshopper Seeds Based on this food web, which organisms are direct sources of energy for secondary consumers? Moucearrow_forward
- Give an example of an animal in this food web at each of these trophic levels Snake Fox Hawk Producer: Bird Frog Primary Rabbit Grasshopper consumer: Mouse Grasses secondary consumer: Tertiary Consumer:arrow_forwardMap the Ecological balance of a food web with a symbiotic relationship of Predation (Prey & Predator relationship), which is composed of Decomposers, Producers, Primary Consumers, Secondary Consumers & Tertiary Consumers. Note: Food web is composed of interconnecting food chains.arrow_forwardAvailability of energy is less for entities at higher trophic levels.Why?arrow_forward
- A group of researchers are assessing energy availability in a terrestrial ecosystem. The image shows the food web for this ecosystem. They set up three plots and assess the biomass of producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers. Rabbits and grasshoppers feed on ground cover plants that grow on the forest floor. Plot 1 is composed of mature hardwood trees, and only 25% of the sunlight reaches the shrubs and grasses compared to plots 2 and 3, which have fewer trees and allow more sunlight to reach the forest floor. Based on the food web shown here, which of the following best describes how the reduction in sunlight to the forest floor would impact the number of primary consumers (squirrel, grasshopper, rabbit, and deer) in plot 1 compared to the other plots? A - Plot 1 will show an increase in deer only because they feed on trees. B - Plot 1 will show a decrease in squirrels and rabbits, while deer and grasshoppers will increase. C - Plot 1 will show a decrease in rabbits and…arrow_forwardBiologyarrow_forwardA given ecosystem has the following amounts of energy available at each trophic level: Primary producers: 4,000 gC/m2/day; Primary consumers: 480 gC/m2/day; Secondary consumers: 72 gC/m2/day; Tertiary consumers: 24 gC/m2/day. Does this ecosystem follow Lindeman's Law for ecological efficiency? No, the average efficiency is 20% O Yes, the average efficiency is 10% O No, the average efficiency is 10% O Yes, the average efficiency is 20%arrow_forward
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