FUND. OF ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY F16 PKG
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781323431122
Author: Martini
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 20, Problem 10RQ
During diastole, a chamber of the heart (a) relaxes and fills with blood, (b) contracts and pushes blood into an adjacent chamber, (c) experiences a sharp increase in pressure, (d) reaches a pressure of approximately 120 mm Hg.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 20 Solutions
FUND. OF ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY F16 PKG
Ch. 20 - Prob. 1CPCh. 20 - Prob. 2CPCh. 20 - Why is the left ventricle more muscular than the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4CPCh. 20 - Which structure of the heart is known as the...Ch. 20 - 6. If the cells of the SA node did not function,...Ch. 20 - Why is it important for impulses from the atria to...Ch. 20 - Give the technical terms for heart contraction and...Ch. 20 - List the phases of the cardiac cycle.Ch. 20 - Is the heart always pumping blood when pressure in...
Ch. 20 - What could cause an increase in the size of the...Ch. 20 - Define cardiac output.Ch. 20 - Prob. 13CPCh. 20 - Prob. 16CPCh. 20 - Prob. 14CPCh. 20 - Prob. 15CPCh. 20 - Prob. 17CPCh. 20 - Prob. 18CPCh. 20 - Prob. 20CPCh. 20 - The great cardiac vein drains blood from the heart...Ch. 20 - The autonomic centers for cardiac function are...Ch. 20 - Prob. 5RQCh. 20 - Prob. 6RQCh. 20 - The heart is surrounded by the (a) pleural cavity,...Ch. 20 - The cardiac skeleton of the heart has which two of...Ch. 20 - Cardiac output is equal to the (a) difference...Ch. 20 - Identify the superficial structures in the...Ch. 20 - Identify the structures in the following diagram...Ch. 20 - During diastole, a chamber of the heart (a)...Ch. 20 - During the cardiac cycle, the amount of blood...Ch. 20 - What role do the chordae tendineae and papillary...Ch. 20 - Describe the three distinct layers that make up...Ch. 20 - What are the valves in the heart, and what is the...Ch. 20 - Trace the normal pathway of an electrical impulse...Ch. 20 - What is the cardiac cycle? What phases and events...Ch. 20 - What three factors regulate stroke volume to...Ch. 20 - The cells of the conducting system differ from the...Ch. 20 - Which of the following is longer? (a) the...Ch. 20 - If the papillary muscles fail to contract, (a) the...Ch. 20 - Cardiac output cannot increase indefinitely...Ch. 20 - Describe the function of the SA node in the...Ch. 20 - What are the sources and significance of the four...Ch. 20 - Differentiate between stroke volume and cardiac...Ch. 20 - What factors influence cardiac output?Ch. 20 - What effect does sympathetic stimulation have on...Ch. 20 - Describe the effects of epinephrine,...Ch. 20 - Vern is suffering from cardiac arrhythmias and is...Ch. 20 - Harvey has a heart murmur in his left ventricle...Ch. 20 - The following measurements were made on two...Ch. 20 - Prob. 31RQCh. 20 - Prob. 1CCCh. 20 - Prob. 2CC
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