
To analyze:
The reason the organisms must acquire materials and energy.
Introduction:
All matter in the biosphere can be divided into two groups namely, living and non-living things. Living things are made up of cells while non-living things are made up of atoms. Living things have some basic characteristics namely growth, survival, and reproduction by which they can be differentiated from non-living things.

Explanation of Solution
Living things (a biotic component of the ecosystem) may be broadly divided into two groups namely, autotrophs and heterotrophs. Green plants and some microbes are autotrophs as they can synthesize their own food in the form of sugar, as starch. The other organisms which depend on autotrophs for food are known as heterotrophs.
Both groups of living organisms need the energy to perform vital functions for survival. The autotroph uses the solar energy to synthesize its food. The energy can be transferred from one trophic level to the next by the process of energy flow as the heterotrophs consume the other organisms.
The food molecules are broken down by the process of digestion to liberate energy. This energy can be utilized for the physiological activities of the organism as well as the construction of essential
Organisms must acquire materials and energy for survival.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Inquiry Into Life
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