Chapter 2, Problem 81P

Answer true or false to the following statements about the mechanism of acid-base reactions. (a) The acid and base must encounter each other by a collision in order for the proton to transfer. (b) All collisions between acids and bases result in proton transfer. (c) During an acid-base reaction the lone pair on the base fills the A-H antibonding sigma orbital.

Using the diagrams shown in Problem 10-37, which of the four acids is the weakest acid?

Find the value of Kb for the conjugate base of the following organic acids. (a) picric acid used in the manufacture of explosives; Ka = 0.16 (b) trichloroacetic acid used in the treatment of warts; Ka = 0.20

Complete a net ionic equation for each proton-transfer reaction using curved arrows to show the flow of electron pairs in each reaction. In addition, write Lewis structures for all starting materials and products. Label the original acid and its conjugate base; label the original base and its conjugate acid. If you are uncertain about which substance in each equation is the proton donor, refer to Table 4.1 for the relative strengths of proton acids. (a) NH3+HCl (b) CH3CH2O+HCl (c) HCO3+OH (d) CH3COO+NH4+

2) Which of the following is the strongest acid? OH он OH OCH3 A 00 I- B CHO C

Write a stepwise reaction sequence using proton transfer reactions to show how the following reaction occurs. (Hint: As a first step, use −OH to remove a proton from the CH2 group between the C=O and C=C.)

Question 4 (a) Which of the following acids is most acidic? (strongest acid has the most stable conjugate base). Provide a reason for your answer. он F3COH F3C но но A B D

Identity the conjugation acid-base pairs in the following reactions. An acid donates a proton to become aconjugate base. A base accepts a proton to form a conjugate acid.

Identity the conjugation acid-base pairs in the following reactions. An acid donates a proton to become a conjugate base. A base accepts a proton to form a conjugate acid. 1.) HCO3 + NH3 → CO3² + NH4+ 2.) HCl + H₂O → H₂O* + CI 3.) CH3COOH + H₂O → H3O* + CH3COO