Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780136042594
Author: Stuart Russell, Peter Norvig
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Chapter 2, Problem 6E
a.
Explanation of Solution
Agent
- Yes, more than one agent program can implement a agent function...
b.
Explanation of Solution
Agent program
- Yes,agent function cannot be implemented by any agent program...
c.
Explanation of Solution
Fixed machine architecture
- Yes, each agent program implement exactly one agent function...
d.
Explanation of Solution
Architecture
- There are 2n agent programs...
e.
Explanation of Solution
Architecture
- It depends on the program and the environment.
- If the environment is dynamic, speeding up the machine may mean choosing different actions and/or acting sooner...
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Computer Science
You are told that state machine A has one input x, and one output y, both with type {1, 2}, and that it has states {a, b, c, d}. You are told nothing further. Do you have enough information to construct a state machine B that simulates A? If so, give such a state machine, and the simulation relation.
Questions: Consider the following Turing Machine:
A
a
b→ R
D
à, R
→ R
8.D
àȧ → R
a → R
b
B
→ R
Accept
b→ b, L
b→ L
a → L
b→ R
Note that the symbol à(b) is a marked a (b).
1. What is the sequence of configuration states starting at configurations given in the table on the reverse side of
this? Which of these strings are recognized? (You can fill out each column and then photo/scan it to include
with the rest of your solutions or recreate this electronically.)
2. What state is missing from the state diagram? Explain the convention for entering this state with an example
configuration in the state B whose next configuration enters this state. What about the state diagram let you
know that the next state was this missing state?
3. What do the self-loops on state B accomplish? What purpose this serve in the context of this Turing machine
deciding to accept or reject a string?
4. What do the self-loops on state Caccomplish? What purpose this serve in the context of this Turing machine…
Give the transition diagram for a Turing machine to compute the function
f(x) = x + 3, where x is an integer expressed in unary notation. If you would like to
assume that there is a special symbol such as $ on the left hand side of the tape, that is
fine.
Keep in mind that the Turing machine should end with the read/write head on the first
symbol of the output, and there should be nothing on the tape except the output (and
the $ symbol if you use it).
Chapter 2 Solutions
Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach
Ch. 2 - Suppose that the performance measure is concerned...Ch. 2 - Let us examine the rationality of various...Ch. 2 - Prob. 3ECh. 2 - For each of the following activities, give a PEAS...Ch. 2 - Define in your own words the following terms:...Ch. 2 - Prob. 6ECh. 2 - Prob. 7ECh. 2 - Implement a performance-measuring environment...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9ECh. 2 - Prob. 10E
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- "Semaphore' may be used also to control the flow of execution. Consider the following situation: P and P2 are two concurrent processes; P executes statement si and P2 executes statement s2. Use semaphores with the wait() and the signal() system calls to impose this flow of execution: s1 must be execute AFTER s2. Make a simulation to justify your answer (no point without a valid simulation).arrow_forwardFigure 4 shows a program that tries to solve the dining philosophers' problem given that itonly includes 3 philosophers who want to eat, where only 3 forks are available and eachphilosopher needs two forks. The outputs after running the program are given .In the outputs, it seems that the program never finishes executing; thus, (a) which lines of the code are considered critical section? (b) which lines of the code is (or should be) implemented as atomic operationsarrow_forward4. Let us say we are given the task of building an automated taxi. Define the con- straints. What are the inputs? What is the output? How can we communicate with the passenger? Do we need to communicate with the other automated taxis, that is, do we need a "language"?arrow_forward
- The state transition diagram for a Turing machine that performs unary increment is shown below. FIGURE 12.6 1/1/R State 1 6/1/R State 2 State diagram for the incrementer Show how this Turing machine will process the input "1111111". You are required to show the configuration of the Turing machine at the beginning of the execution and after each execution step until the Turing machine halts.arrow_forwardDesignarrow_forward2. Model a state machine for a chess game using the following description: A chess game consists of alternate moves of Black and White. White moves first (start of the game). The game can end both when it is White's and when it is Black's turn. The moving player can end the game: winning (checkmate), loosing (resign), or with a draw.arrow_forward
- Question 3 In the homework we saw Turing machines for AND, OR, NOT. Here's the definition for XOR. qo O B q1 q1 BR q2 q0 1 B q3 q3 BR q4 q4 0 1 q5 94 1 0 q6 Trace the machine's execution on input 11 by showing the successive configurations. List one configuration per line with a single space separating each part of the configuration. Recall that the parts of the configuration are in the following order: current-state current-head tape-to-left tape-to- right. Use "e" for e and use it only in the "tape-to-left" or "tape-to-right" positions when there is nothing but blanks in those directions. Otherwise list all characters explicitly (and use B for a blank character when needed). initially q0 1 e 1 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3arrow_forwardCorrect answer will be upvoted else Multiple Downvoted. Computer science. There is an endless 2-dimensional framework. The robot remains in cell (0,0) and needs to arrive at cell (x,y). Here is a rundown of potential orders the robot can execute: move north from cell (i,j) to (i,j+1); move east from cell (i,j) to (i+1,j); move south from cell (i,j) to (i,j−1); move west from cell (i,j) to (i−1,j); stay in cell (i,j). The robot needs to arrive at cell (x,y) in as couple of orders as could really be expected. In any case, he can't execute a similar order at least twice in succession. What is the base number of orders needed to reach (x,y) from (0,0)? Input The main line contains a solitary integer t (1≤t≤100) — the number of testcases. Every one of the following t lines contains two integers x and y (0≤x,y≤104) — the objective directions of the robot. Output For each testcase print a solitary integer — the base number of orders needed for the robot to…arrow_forward3..) Thank you in advance for your quick response. Subject - theory of computing. Please see the attached problemsarrow_forward
- Let = {0, 1} and consider the following languages 1. LBOUNDED = {(M, x) : M is a TM, x € Σ*, M never moves its pointer more than |x| tape symbols away from the left endmarker |} 2. LDEC = {(M): M is a TM, L(M) is decidable} For each language, determine whether it is decidable or undecidable. If it is decidable, give a decision procedure which decides it. If it is undecidable, you must use Rice's theorem, if applicable, or a mapping reduction, otherwise. [Hint: Given some input string x, you may assume that the number of possible instantaneous configurations of a TM where the pointer never moves more than |x| tape symbols away from the left endmarker is at most |T||*|. (²[+¹). (¹).]arrow_forwardComputer Science Design a Turing machine that computes the function f(w) = wwR, w ∈ {0, 1}+. Consider that I don't want to know any turing machine that accepts L = {wwR , w ∈ {0, 1}+}. I want to know turing machine that calculates the f(w) = wwR, w ∈ {0, 1}+. If I write to the tape 0011 at initial state, I would like to see 00111100 at the end. Could you please draw states with bubbles and show each input transition expicitly. There is not explicit solution in chegg. As a suggestion drawing of https://turingmachine.io/ could be very helpfull.arrow_forward3. The state machine in Figure 14.7 has the property that it outputs at least one 1 between any two 0's. Construct a two-state nondeterministic state machine that simulates this one and preserves that property. Give the simulation relation. Are the machines bisimilar? inputs: x: {0,1} outputs: y: {0,1} x=0/1 x=1/0 x=1/1 x = 1/1 x=1/1 30000 x=0/1 x=0/1 x=0/1 Figure 14.7: Machine that outputs at least one 1 between any two 0's.arrow_forward
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