Chapter 2, Problem 4STP

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The way of explaining any occurrence or natural phenomenon based on observation, measurement and evaluation are termed as scientific explanation. Scientific explanation adheres to rules of science and can be tested repeatedly.

Answer to Problem 4STP

Correct answer :

The correct answer is option (D) Theory

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option(D) Theory.A scientific theory is a detailed explanation of an occurrence or natural phenomenon which can be repeatedly tested and verified through known scientific methods. The theory includes all protocols of observation, experiments, calculations and evaluations of results. So, thecorrect answer is option (D).

Explanation for incorrect answer

Option (A). Factors.A scientific experiment is affected by conditions that can exist in a differing amount or types, which are known as factors. Factors can be variable and they affect the result of the experiment. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (B). Hypothesis.Hypothesis is defined as a suggested solution to an unexplained occurrence without performing any experiments. It does not fit into accepted scientific theories as there is no predetermined outcome for the occurrence. Hypothesis acts as a basis for an experiment. So, this is an incorrect answer

Option (C). Results.In a scientific experiment, procedure are carried out to support, refuse or validate a hypothesis, which depends on the outcome of the experiments. Results are defined as the outcomes or conclusion of the controlled experiment on the basis of which an experiment can be deemed successful or unsuccessful. So, this is an incorrect answer.