Essentials Of Business Analytics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781285187273
Author: Camm, Jeff.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 2, Problem 3P
Ohio Logistics manages the logistical activities for firms by matching companies that need products shipped with carriers that can provide the best rates and best service for the companies. Ohio Logistics is very concerned that its carriers deliver their customers’ material on time, so it carefully monitors the percentage of on-time deliveries. The following table contains a list of the carriers used by Ohio Logistics and the corresponding on-time percentages for the current and previous years.
- a. Sort the carriers in descending order by their current year’s percentage of on-time deliveries. Which carrier is providing the best service in the current year? Which carrier is providing the worst service in the current year?
- b. Calculate the change in percentage of on-time deliveries from the previous to the current year for each carrier. Use Excel’s conditional formatting to highlight the carriers whose on-time percentage decreased from the previous year to the current year.
- c. Use Excel’s conditional formatting tool to create data bars for the change in percentage of on-time deliveries from the previous year to the current year for each carrier calculated in part b.
- d. Which carriers should Ohio Logistics try to use in the future? Why?
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3. Bayesian Inference – Updating Beliefs
A medical test for a rare disease has the following characteristics:
Sensitivity (true positive rate): 99%
Specificity (true negative rate): 98%
The disease occurs in 0.5% of the population.
A patient receives a positive test result.
Questions:
a) Define the relevant events and use Bayes’ Theorem to compute the probability that the patient actually has the disease.b) Explain why the result might seem counterintuitive, despite the high sensitivity and specificity.c) Discuss how prior probabilities influence posterior beliefs in Bayesian inference.d) Suppose a second, independent test with the same accuracy is conducted and is also positive. Update the probability that the patient has the disease.
4. Linear Regression - Model Assumptions and Interpretation
A real estate analyst is studying how house prices (Y) are related to house size in square feet (X). A simple
linear regression model is proposed:
The analyst fits the model and obtains:
•
Ŷ50,000+150X
YBoB₁X + €
•
R² = 0.76
• Residuals show a fan-shaped pattern when plotted against fitted values.
Questions:
a) Interpret the slope coefficient in context.
b) Explain what the R² value tells us about the model's performance.
c) Based on the residual pattern, what regression assumption is likely violated? What might be the
consequence?
d) Suggest at least two remedies to improve the model, based on the residual analysis.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Essentials Of Business Analytics
Ch. 2 - A Wall Street Journal subscriber survey asked 46...Ch. 2 - The following table contains a partial list of...Ch. 2 - Ohio Logistics manages the logistical activities...Ch. 2 - A partial relative frequency distribution is...Ch. 2 - In a recent report, the top five syndicated...Ch. 2 - In a study of how chief executive officers (CEOs)...Ch. 2 - Consumer complaints are frequently reported to the...Ch. 2 - Reports have found that many U.S. adults would...Ch. 2 - Consider the following data: a. Develop a...Ch. 2 - Consider the following frequency distribution....
Ch. 2 - The owner of an automobile repair shop studied the...Ch. 2 - Approximately 1.65 million high school students...Ch. 2 - Consider a sample with data values of 10, 20, 12,...Ch. 2 - Consider a sample with data values of 27, 25, 20,...Ch. 2 - Consider a sample with data values of 53, 55, 70,...Ch. 2 - If an asset declines in value from 5,000 to 3,500...Ch. 2 - Suppose that you initially invested 10,000 in the...Ch. 2 - The average time that Americans commute to work is...Ch. 2 - Suppose that the average waiting time for a...Ch. 2 - According to the National Education Association...Ch. 2 - Return to the waiting times given for the...Ch. 2 - The results of a national survey showed that on...Ch. 2 - Suppose that the national average for the math...Ch. 2 - Five observations taken for two variables follow....Ch. 2 - The scatter chart in the following figure was...Ch. 2 - The economic downturn in 20082009 resulted in the...Ch. 2 - Heavenly Chocolates manufactures and sells quality...
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